1: REVIEW Flashcards
Which comes first during the pharyngeal phase: tongue base retraction or pharyngeal peristalsis?
The occur at the same time - when the tongue base elevates the superior constrictor starts contraction
What lobe of the brain is responsible for movement?
frontal
What lobe of the brain is responsible for executive function?
frontal
What gyrus do the corticobulbar and corticospinal tracts start in?
primary motor cortex/pre-central gyrus/BA 4
What does the precentral gyrus control?
voluntary movements of skeletal muscles of the face and body
What are 3 things the supplemental motor area (top of BA 6) control?
1) motor sequencing
2) posture while walking
3) using both hands to complete a task
Issues in what gyrus can lead to apraxia?
Premotor cortex/BA 6
What happens when a person has apraxia?
Understand the command, but can’t accurately produce it because they can not pull up the appropriate motor plan to execute it
What is oral apraxia?
can’t voluntarily move (nonspeech) oral structures on command
What is apraxia of speech?
can’t voluntarily execute movements of speech but in pure forms have normal language processing
What is limb-kinetic apraxia?
can’t voluntarily move the limbs
Is afferent information sensory or motor?
sensory
How do the action potentials run with afferent information?
From the environment to the brain
Are the cranial and spinal nerves part of the upper motor neuron or lower motor neuron?
lower motor neuron
How many cranial nerves do we have?
12
How many spinal nerves do we have?
31
How many of our cranial nerves process sensory information?
7
What are the 4 mixed CNs important for this class?
1) V - trigeminal
2) VII - facial
3) IX - glossopharyngeal
4) X - vagus
What are the 3 main parts of the nerve cell?
1) dendrites
2) cell body
3) axon
