1-Respiratory Viruses (influenza, rabies, corona) Flashcards
TAXONOMY OF FLUE/influenza
Orthomyxoviridae
Influenza
TAXONOMY OF RABIES
Rabdoviridae vesiculovirus /Lyssavirus
TAXONOMY OF CORONA VIRUS
coronaviridae coronavirus
morphology of flue virus
- spherical shape
-complex virus (enveloped/supra-capsid) - 8 segments of single stranded RNA (-ve).
*2 surface glycoproteins.
-hemagglutinin (H) =adhesion
-neuraminidase (N) = penetration
morphology of coronavirus
- spherical shape
-complex virus (enveloped/supra-capsid) - single stranded RNA (+ve) (double strain); (unsegmented)
- surface antigens
-spike protein (S) = adhesion.
-(N) protein = penetration
-M (matrix) protein (inside supra-capsid) = replication
morphology of rabies
- bullet-shape
-complex virus (enveloped/supra-capsid) - single stranded Helical RNA (-ve)
- surface antigens
-G protein = Binding.
cultivation of corona virus
no. thank you
cultivation of flu
-chicken embryos.
-cell lines (usually that from gate of infection)
cultivation of rabies
-warm-blooded animals (mice)
-chicken embryo
antigenic properties (+ virulence factors) of flu
- H Antigen*
- N Antigen*
- M Antigen
*(factors of virulence)
- H (for adhesion)
- N (for penetration)
antigenic properties (+ virulence factors) of rabies
*(factors of virulence)
- G Antigen (=BINDING)
- M (matrix) protein (=replication)
- NS ( nonstructural) Protein
- RNA Polymerase (viral genome replication and transcription.)
antigenic properties (+ virulence factors) of coronavirus
*-S spikes (for adhesion)
*-N antigen= penetration
*-M (matrix) protein = for replication
pathogenicity of flue
- source =sick person
- trans. method =
1)air borne & air drop
2)contact mechanism - gate = mucus of upper resp. tract
pathogenesis:
(cytopathogenic)
- H antigen attaches to CM of mucosal cells in upper resp. tract. N antigen. helps penetrate it, viral RNA is replicated.
- followed by cellular destruction due to its cytopathic action,
-Regeneration of epithelium is slow, leaving the resp. system susceptible to bacterial superinfections.
clinical manifestations of flue
- high temp
- sore throat
- muscle ache
pathogenicity of coronavirus
- source = sick person
- trans. method = 1)air borne 2) alimentary 3)contact
- gate = mucus of upper resp. tract
- pathogenesis: (cytopathogenic)
- s antigen attaches, n antigen penetrates, m protein replicates viral genome
-(cytopathic) host cell rupture to release newly replicated virus - they infect closer cells (goes to intestines, CNS,PNS, brain, heart)
- neurons proliferate slowly , so eventually NS system destroyed.
clinical manifestations of coronavirus
- loss of smell and taste senses
- post-covid complications; (heart & neurological issues) like= memory loss, tachycardia / high BP
- respiratory complications; (like pneumonia & lack of O2)
pathogenicity of rabies
- source = wild animals (1- dogs, wolves, fox) - 2)rodents 3)cats
- trans. method = CONTACT of contaminated saliva from animal BITE (with the open wound)
- gate = muscles, nerve endings at wound area.
- pathogenesis: (cytopathogenic)
- virus enters tissues from saliva of the bite
- replicates in nearby muscle and nerve tissues
- (cytopathic) kills host cell during replication and moving onto the next and so
- affects nerves, CNS, PNS
clinical manifestations of rabies
- paralysis of the limbs (arms, legs)
- tingling sensations in fingertips
- hallucinations
- pain in swallowing , thus hydrophobia
- photophobia
treatment of coronavirus
anti-covid preparation
prophylaxis of coronavirus
(recombinant vaccine)
lab diagnosis of coronavirus
-ELISA
-PCR
lab diagnosis of rabies
-ELISA, PCR
- antigen detection by immunofluorescence (IF).
lab diagnosis of flu
- PCR
- ELISA
- CFT
treatment of flu
- anti-viral drugs
- Immunomodulators
prophylaxis of flu
(subunit) vaccine
or (live) vaccine
treatment of rabies
- only local wound treatment
- immediate post-exposure prophylaxis; with anti-rabies vaccine & immmuno-globulin injections (-passive immunity)
prophylaxis of rabies
preexposure vaccine
