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Ambulatory Care of Women > 1- Reproductive Cycle > Flashcards

1- Reproductive Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

Average age of menarche and menopause?

A

12-51

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2
Q

When is the beginning of menses?

A

At first blood

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3
Q

Average span of menses?

A

28 days

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4
Q

When is the follicular phase

A

Onset of menses until LH surge. 14 days

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5
Q

When does ovulation occur?

A

30-36 hours of LH surge

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6
Q

When is the luteal phase?

A

Day LH surge ends until menses. 14 days

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7
Q

What do you measure GnRH for as a proxy?

A

LH. Because GnRH has a short half life. Minutes.

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8
Q

What promps the release of FSH?

A

Low estrogen

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9
Q

What is atresia?

A

When precordial follicles undergo a degenerative process.

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10
Q

Three areas of Follicle

A

Theca externa, Theca interna, and granulosa cells

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11
Q

What do thecal cells produce?

A

Androgens that the granulosa cells turn into estrogens

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12
Q

What does FSH do to follicle?

A

Increases granulosa cells to make more estrogen. Estrogen stimulates more LH receptors, which create more androgens

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13
Q

What are the two phases of the endometrium?

A

The proliferative and secretory phases

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14
Q

How much blood is lost in menses?

A

20-60 cc

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15
Q

What causes the contractions of the uterine vasculature and musculature

A

Prostaglandins

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16
Q

What is it called when a woman can feel ovulation?

A

Mittelschmerz

17
Q

What characterizes the luteal phase?

A

Dominance of estrogen to progesterone

18
Q

What does progesterone do?

A

Inhibits the hormones (FSH and LH), acne, bloating, hyper pigmentation, increases appetite, vascularization of endometrium,

19
Q

What do the theca cells turn into?

A

Corpus Luteum, which secretes progesterone

20
Q

What happens if the egg is fertilized?

A

Releases HCG which causes the corpus luteum to continue to release progesterone. If not it becomes a corpus albicans

21
Q

What does estrogen do?

A

Increases the stratum functionalis, It makes it a proliferative endometrium. Vs secreretory endometrium of the progesterone.

22
Q

What will identify a proliferative endometrium?

A

Only endometrial biopsy

23
Q

What will happen if progesterone production is not stopped?

A

It will continue to initiate desquamation of the endometrium and may result in abnormal uterine bleeding.

24
Q

What action does estrogen have on cervix?

A

secretes mucus on cervix that facilitates sperm capture.

25
Q

What affect does progesterone have on the thermoregulation center?

A

Increases body temp by .5-1 degrees fareinheight

26
Q

What is malasma

A

hyper pigmentation from progesterone production

27
Q

Average age of regular, predictive menstruation?

A

15 years old

28
Q

How often is there pulsatile secretion of GnRH

A

every 1-4 hours

29
Q

What is Sheehan Syndrome?

A

Pituatary hypoplasia from hypo perfusion during delivery

Ambulatory Care of Women (8 decks)

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