1 Qualitative Terms Redefined

Question 1

TRUENESS AND ACCURACY

• _______________ of measurements is defined as closeness of agreement between the average value obtained from a large series of results of measurements and the true value. It is the closeness of agreement of mean value with the true value.

Answer 1

Trueness

Question 2

TRUENESS AND ACCURACY

• The difference between the average value and the true value is the ______, which is expressed numerically and is _______ related to the trueness.

Answer 2

bias; inversely

Question 3

TRUENESS AND ACCURACY

• _________ is the closeness of agreement of a single measurement with the “true value”. It is influenced by both bias and imprecision and in this way reflects the _______ error.

Answer 3

Accuracy; total

Question 4

TRUENESS AND ACCURACY

• The ______ has introduced the trueness of expression as a replacement for the term
  “accuracy” which now has gained a slightly different meaning.

Answer 4

ISO

Question 5

TRUENESS AND ACCURACY

• From a theoretical point of view, the exact true value for a clinical sample is not available; instead, an “_________ reference value” is used , which is the true value that can be determined in practice. __________ can be evaluated by comparison of measurements by a given routine method and a reference measurement procedure. Such an evaluation may be carried out through parallel measurements of a set of patient samples.

Answer 5

accepted; Trueness

Question 6

REPEATABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY

• _________ has been defined as the closeness of agreement between independent results of measurements obtained under stipulated conditions . The degree of precision is usually expressed on the basis of statistical measures of imprecision, such as coeffcient of variation or _____________. Which are inversely related to precision. Imprecision of measurements is distinctively related to the _______ error of measurements and has no relation to the trueness of measurements.

Answer 6

Precision; standard deviation; random

Question 7

REPEATABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY

• ________ is specified as either repeatability or reproducibility. There is however a difference between this expressions of precision.

Answer 7

Precision

Question 8

REPEATABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY

• _______________ refers to the closeness of agreement between results of successove measurements carried out under the ________ conditions. That is corresponding to with-in run precision

Answer 8

Repeatability; SAME

Question 9

REPEATABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY

• __________________ refers to closeness of agreement between results of the measurements performed under __________ conditions of measurement. This may be through a change in the time of test performance, change in performers/operators of the test or even changes in calibrators or reagent lots.

Answer 9

Reproducibility; CHANGED

Question 10

Refers to the relationship between measured and expected values over the analytical measurement range. It may be considered in relation to actual and relative analyte concentrations. In the latter case, a dilution series of sample may be examined. This dilution series examines whether the measured concentration changes as expected according to the proportional relationship between samples introduced by the dilution factor.

Answer 10

LINEARITY