1 - Psychiatry History and MMSE Flashcards
What is the structure of a psychiatric history?`
- History of presenting complaint
- Past Psychiatric Hx
- Past Medical Hx and Drug Hx
- FHx (inc Children)
- Personal Hx
- Premorbid personality
- Risk assess
- MMSE
How do you take a history of presenting complaint in Psychiatry?
- Onset
- Severity
- Duration
- Relieving/Aggravating symptoms
- Associated symptoms
What are some good questions to ask when someone is presenting with ‘low mood’?
How do you take a history of delusions?
- Is anything in particular on your mind?
- Anything out of the ordinary happening that you can’t explain?
- Could there be another explanation? (can they shake the thought)
How do you take a history of thought possession?
- Is anything interfering with your thoughts?
- Do you feel in control of your thoughts and actions?
- Do you feel that your thoughts are your own?
TELL ME MORE ABOUT THAT, HOW CAN THAT HAPPEN?
How do you take a history of hallucinations?
How do you take a focused psychiatric history?
- Any previous hospital admissions? How many? How long for? (MHA or Informal)
- Ever seen GP before?
- Previous Treatments e.g drugs and therapy (Were they effective?)
- Felt like this before but not sought help?
How do you take a personal history in psychiatry?
- Infancy
- Birth
- Developmental milestones (did you walk and talk at the right ages or were you a slow developer?)
- Serious illness in early life (were you a healthy child or often in hospital?)
2. Adolescence and Education
- Who did you live with?
- How was school for you?
- Friendships? Bullying?
- Qualifications?
- Attitude to school?
3. Occupational History
- Start from leaving school
- How long did they work in each job?
- Why did they move on?
- Relationship with boss and co-workers?
4. Relationship History
- Current relationship - how would they describe it?
- Other relationships - why do they think it failed?
5. Alcohol, Drugs and Forensic Hx
- Alcohol - When they started, how much, period of heavy consumption?, period of abstinence? (any withdrawals during this?
- Smoking - CANNABIS
- Drugs
- Ever injected?
- Ever been in trouble with the police?
6. Current Social Circumstances
- Ask about state of house e.g mould
- Financial situation e.g debts, benefits
- Support network?
- Change in circumstance? e.g loss of job
How can you ask about pre-morbid personality?
Can only really get this from third party
- Ask them to describe what other people would say about them in the past?
- What were you like before?
- Ask them what impact their experiences have had on them and how is has changed them as a person
How do you do a risk assessment of suicide in a psychiatric history?
- Have you ever thought of harming yourself? If yes have you harmed yourself?
- Have you ever thought of harming others?
- Do you feel like life is worth living?
- Has it ever gotten so bad that you have thought of ending your life?
- Have you made any plans?
- Have you attempted it?
- What stops you from going through with it?
What is the difference between a hallucination and an illusion?
Hallucination - Perception of a stimulus that is not there
Illusion - Misinterpretation of a stimulus
If someone tells you they are seeing things, what can be some organic causes rather than psychiatric causes?
- Lewy Body Dementia
- Brain tumour
- Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
How do Psychiatrics examine patients like a medical doctor would?
Mental State Examination!!!!!!!
ASEPTIC
What are the components of a mental state examination?
- Appearance and Behaviour
- Speech
- Emotion (Affect/Mood)
- Perception
- Thought
- Insight
- Cognition
- Risk to self and others - Can cover questions in mood
What are you looking at in Appearance and Behaviour?
- State of dress
- Eye contact
- Psychomotor activity e.g agitated or retarded
- Rapport e.g over familiar
- Any abnormal behaviours?
What are you looking at in speech in the MSE?
- Rate
- Rhythm
- Tone/Volume
- Pressurised speech?
- Formal thought disorder? e.g flight of ideas
What are you looking at in emotion (affect and mood) in the MSE?
- Subjective (What they say)
- Objective (What we see) - e.g Euthymic, Euphoric, Reactive affect?
What does affect mean in psychiatry?
The behavioural expression of mood, might not match up with mood
What are you looking at in perception in the MSE?
- Delusions? (grandiose, persecutory)
- Hallucinations?
- Over valued ideas?
- Derealisation or Depersonalisation?
What is a pseudo hallucination?
Involuntary sensory experience vivid enough to be regarded as a hallucination, but which is recognised by the person experiencing it as being subjective and unreal
What are you looking at in thought in the MSE?
- Form (you): Can patient talk logically in response to questions asked
- Content (them): What is the patient thinking about? Do they have any worries? Do they have any delusional beliefs?
SUICIDE RISK ASSESS HERE!!!!!