1- Populations Flashcards

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0
Q

Population

A

All organisms of 1 species

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1
Q

Habitat

A

Place where organism lives

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2
Q

Community

A

All the population of different species in a habitat

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3
Q

Ecosystem

A

All organisms living (biotic) and all the non living (abiotic) in a particular area

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4
Q

Abiotic conditions

A

Non living features of the ecosystem

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5
Q

Biotic conditions

A

Living features of the ecosystem

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6
Q

Niche

A

The role of species within its habitat
E.g
•what it eats
•when +where it feeds

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7
Q

Adaptation

A

A feature a member of species have- increases chance of survival+reproduction

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8
Q

3 adaptation

A

Physiological-processes inside body
Behavioural-way organisms act
Anatomical-structure features of the body

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9
Q

Investigating pop. of organism

A

Look at abundance and distribution of species
•Abundance-number of individuals of 1 species in particular area - frequency
•Distribution- where particular species is within area

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10
Q

Random sample

A

1.Choose area to sample- small area
2.random sample:
-divide field into grid
-use random number generator for random coordinates
3.Appropriate technique to sample pop
4. Repeat process - 10 or more - reliable estimate for whole area - more representative of pop.
•%cover estimated for whole area by average of all samples
•individuals of whole area - estimated by average data collected and multiply by size of whole area

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11
Q

Measuring techniques

A
•Quadrat 
•Transects:
1.Line transact 
2.Belt transect
3.Interrupted transect
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12
Q

Investigating animal pop

Mark release recapture- measure abundance of more mobile species

A
  1. Capture sample of species- appropriate technique
  2. Mark im harmless way- paint
  3. Release back in habit
  4. Wait- take 2nd sample of same pop.
  5. count how many 2nd sample marked

Total pop size=
(1st sample ✖️2nd sample)

marked in 2nd sample

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13
Q

Accuracy of MRR

A
  1. Marked sample enough time+opportunity to mix back in pop.
  2. Marking hasn’t affected chances of survival
  3. Changes in pop size are small during period of study (births,deaths,migration)
  4. Large pop. sampled
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14
Q

Variation in pop size

A

Abiotic factors - light,temp,water,space .etc
Temp right mammals conserve energy- growth and reproduction - increase pop.

Biotic factors
interspecific competition
compete for same resources- less resources - less growth an reproduction - decrease pop - less adapted species out-competed

Intraspecific comp
same species compete for same resources
Resources - growth an reproduction - size of pop. (Cycle)

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15
Q

Variation in pop size (2)

A

Predation- predation kills+eats prey

Pop of predators+preys interlinked-pop. of 1 changes cause other pop. to change (cycle)

16
Q

Human pop.

A

BR- number of live births each year/1000 ppl in pop.
DR-number of deaths each year/ 1000 ppl in pop.

Pop growth rate= BR-DR
(⬆️or ⬇️pop)

Life expectancy- age person in pop. expected to live to - worked out by average age ppl die