1. Perceivable

Question 1

1.1 Text Alternatives

Answer 1

Provide text alternatives for any non-text content so that it can be changed into other forms people need, such as large print, braille, speech, symbols or simpler language.

Question 2

1.1.1 Non-text Content

Answer 2

(Level A)

All non-text content that is presented to the user has a text alternative that serves the equivalent purpose, except for the situations listed below.

Controls, Input
If non-text content is a control or accepts user input, then it has a name that describes its purpose. (Refer to Success Criterion 4.1.2 for additional requirements for controls and content that accepts user input.)

Time-Based Media
If non-text content is time-based media, then text alternatives at least provide descriptive identification of the non-text content. (Refer to Guideline 1.2 for additional requirements for media.)

Test
If non-text content is a test or exercise that would be invalid if presented in text, then text alternatives at least provide descriptive identification of the non-text content.

Sensory
If non-text content is primarily intended to create a specific sensory experience, then text alternatives at least provide descriptive identification of the non-text content.

CAPTCHA
If the purpose of non-text content is to confirm that content is being accessed by a person rather than a computer, then text alternatives that identify and describe the purpose of the non-text content are provided, and alternative forms of CAPTCHA using output modes for different types of sensory perception are provided to accommodate different disabilities.

Decoration, Formatting, Invisible
If non-text content is pure decoration, is used only for visual formatting, or is not presented to users, then it is implemented in a way that it can be ignored by assistive technology.

Question 3

1.2 Time-based Media

Answer 3

Provide alternatives for time-based media.

Question 4

1.2.1 Audio-only and Video-only (Prerecorded)

Answer 4

(Level A)
For prerecorded audio-only and prerecorded video-only media, the following are true, except when the audio or video is a media alternative for text and is clearly labeled as such:

Prerecorded Audio-only
An alternative for time-based media is provided that presents equivalent information for prerecorded audio-only content.

Prerecorded Video-only
Either an alternative for time-based media or an audio track is provided that presents equivalent information for prerecorded video-only content.

Question 5

1.2.2 Captions (Prerecorded)

Answer 5

Captions are provided for all prerecorded audio content in synchronized media, except when the media is a media alternative for text and is clearly labeled as such.

Question 6

1.2.3 Audio Description or Media Alternative (Prerecorded)

Answer 6

(Level A)
An alternative for time-based media or audio description of the prerecorded video content is provided for synchronized media, except when the media is a media alternative for text and is clearly labeled as such.

Question 7

1.2.4 Captions (Live)

Answer 7

(Level AA)
Captions are provided for all live audio content in synchronized media.

Question 8

1.2.5 Audio Description (Prerecorded)

Answer 8

Audio description is provided for all prerecorded video content in synchronized media.

Question 9

1.2.6 Sign Language (Prerecorded)

Answer 9

Understanding Sign Language (Prerecorded)
|
How to Meet Sign Language (Prerecorded)
(Level AAA)
Sign language interpretation is provided for all prerecorded audio content in synchronized media.

Question 10

1.2.7 Extended Audio Description (Prerecorded)

Answer 10

(Level AAA)
Where pauses in foreground audio are insufficient to allow audio descriptions to convey the sense of the video, extended audio description is provided for all prerecorded video content in synchronized media.

Question 11

1.2.8 Media Alternative (Prerecorded)

Answer 11

(Level AAA)
An alternative for time-based media is provided for all prerecorded synchronized media and for all prerecorded video-only media.

Question 12

1.2.9 Audio-only (Live)

Answer 12

(Level AAA)
An alternative for time-based media that presents equivalent information for live audio-only content is provided.

Question 13

1.3 Adaptable

Answer 13

Create content that can be presented in different ways (for example simpler layout) without losing information or structure.

Question 14

1.3.1 Info and Relationships

Answer 14

(Level A)
Information, structure, and relationships conveyed through presentation can be programmatically determined or are available in text.

Question 15

1.3.2 Meaningful Sequence

Answer 15

(Level A)
When the sequence in which content is presented affects its meaning, a correct reading sequence can be programmatically determined.

Question 16

1.3.3 Sensory Characteristics

Answer 16

(Level A)
Instructions provided for understanding and operating content do not rely solely on sensory characteristics of components such as shape, color, size, visual location, orientation, or sound.

Question 17

1.3.4 Orientation

Answer 17

(Level AA)
Content does not restrict its view and operation to a single display orientation, such as portrait or landscape, unless a specific display orientation is essential.

NOTE
Examples where a particular display orientation may be essential are a bank check, a piano application, slides for a projector or television, or virtual reality content where content is not necessarily restricted to landscape or portrait display orientation.

Question 18

1.3.5 Identify Input Purpose

Answer 18

(Level AA)
The purpose of each input field collecting information about the user can be programmatically determined when:

The input field serves a purpose identified in the Input Purposes for user interface components section; and
The content is implemented using technologies with support for identifying the expected meaning for form input data.

Question 19

1.3.6 Identify Purpose

Answer 19

(Level AAA)
In content implemented using markup languages, the purpose of user interface components, icons, and regions can be programmatically determined.

Question 20

1.4 Distinguishable

Answer 20

Make it easier for users to see and hear content including separating foreground from background.

Question 21

1.4.1 Use of Color

Answer 21

(Level A)
Color is not used as the only visual means of conveying information, indicating an action, prompting a response, or distinguishing a visual element.

NOTE
This success criterion addresses color perception specifically. Other forms of perception are covered in Guideline 1.3 including programmatic access to color and other visual presentation coding.

Question 22

1.4.2 Audio Control

Answer 22

(Level A)
If any audio on a Web page plays automatically for more than 3 seconds, either a mechanism is available to pause or stop the audio, or a mechanism is available to control audio volume independently from the overall system volume level.

Question 23

1.4.3 Contrast (Minimum)

Answer 23

(Level AA)
The visual presentation of text and images of text has a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1, except for the following:

Large Text
Large-scale text and images of large-scale text have a contrast ratio of at least 3:1;

Incidental
Text or images of text that are part of an inactive user interface component, that are pure decoration, that are not visible to anyone, or that are part of a picture that contains significant other visual content, have no contrast requirement.

Logotypes
Text that is part of a logo or brand name has no contrast requirement.

Question 24

1.4.4 Resize Text

Answer 24

(Level AA)
Except for captions and images of text, text can be resized without assistive technology up to 200 percent without loss of content or functionality.

Question 25

1.4.5 Images of Text

Answer 25

(Level AA)
If the technologies being used can achieve the visual presentation, text is used to convey information rather than images of text except for the following:

Customizable
The image of text can be visually customized to the user’s requirements;

Essential
A particular presentation of text is essential to the information being conveyed.

Question 26

1.4.6 Contrast (Enhanced)

Answer 26

(Level AAA)
The visual presentation of text and images of text has a contrast ratio of at least 7:1, except for the following:

Large Text
Large-scale text and images of large-scale text have a contrast ratio of at least 4.5:1;

Incidental
Text or images of text that are part of an inactive user interface component, that are pure decoration, that are not visible to anyone, or that are part of a picture that contains significant other visual content, have no contrast requirement.

Logotypes
Text that is part of a logo or brand name has no contrast requirement.

Question 27

1.4.7 Low or No Background Audio

Answer 27

(Level AAA)
For prerecorded audio-only content that (1) contains primarily speech in the foreground, (2) is not an audio CAPTCHA or audio logo, and (3) is not vocalization intended to be primarily musical expression such as singing or rapping, at least one of the following is true:

No Background
The audio does not contain background sounds.

Turn Off
The background sounds can be turned off.

20 dB
The background sounds are at least 20 decibels lower than the foreground speech content, with the exception of occasional sounds that last for only one or two seconds.

Question 28

1.4.8 Visual Presentation

Answer 28

(Level AAA)
For the visual presentation of blocks of text, a mechanism is available to achieve the following:

Foreground and background colors can be selected by the user.
Width is no more than 80 characters or glyphs (40 if CJK).
Text is not justified (aligned to both the left and the right margins).
Line spacing (leading) is at least space-and-a-half within paragraphs, and paragraph spacing is at least 1.5 times larger than the line spacing.
Text can be resized without assistive technology up to 200 percent in a way that does not require the user to scroll horizontally to read a line of text on a full-screen window.

Question 29

1.4.9 Images of Text (No Exception)

Answer 29

(Level AAA)
Images of text are only used for pure decoration or where a particular presentation of text is essential to the information being conveyed.

Question 30

1.4.10 Reflow

Answer 30

(Level AA)
Content can be presented without loss of information or functionality, and without requiring scrolling in two dimensions for:

Vertical scrolling content at a width equivalent to 320 CSS pixels;
Horizontal scrolling content at a height equivalent to 256 CSS pixels.
Except for parts of the content which require two-dimensional layout for usage or meaning.

Question 31

1.4.11 Non-text Contrast

Answer 31

(Level AA)
The visual presentation of the following have a contrast ratio of at least 3:1 against adjacent color(s):

User Interface Components
Visual information required to identify user interface components and states, except for inactive components or where the appearance of the component is determined by the user agent and not modified by the author;
Graphical Objects
Parts of graphics required to understand the content, except when a particular presentation of graphics is essential to the information being conveyed.

Question 32

1.4.12 Text Spacing

Answer 32

(Level AA)
In content implemented using markup languages that support the following text style properties, no loss of content or functionality occurs by setting all of the following and by changing no other style property:

Line height (line spacing) to at least 1.5 times the font size;
Spacing following paragraphs to at least 2 times the font size;
Letter spacing (tracking) to at least 0.12 times the font size;
Word spacing to at least 0.16 times the font size.
Exception: Human languages and scripts that do not make use of one or more of these text style properties in written text can conform using only the properties that exist for that combination of language and script.

Question 33

1.4.13 Content on Hover or Focus

Answer 33

(Level AA)
Where receiving and then removing pointer hover or keyboard focus triggers additional content to become visible and then hidden, the following are true:

Dismissible
A mechanism is available to dismiss the additional content without moving pointer hover or keyboard focus, unless the additional content communicates an input error or does not obscure or replace other content;
Hoverable
If pointer hover can trigger the additional content, then the pointer can be moved over the additional content without the additional content disappearing;
Persistent
The additional content remains visible until the hover or focus trigger is removed, the user dismisses it, or its information is no longer valid.