Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MsK Lower Limb > (1) Pathologies of the Hip and Thigh > Flashcards

(1) Pathologies of the Hip and Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

What is involved in the subjective exam?

A
  • PC (nature, severity, behaviour)
  • HPC
  • PMH
  • Special Qs
  • SIN
  • SHx
  • DHx
  • Psychological and psychosocial
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Hip Osteoarthritis?

A

Its a chronic (degenerative) joint disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What happens as a result of Hip OA?

A
  • progressive damage and loss of cartilage
  • reactive bone remodeling, osteophytes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are osteophytes?

A

cartilage-capped bony proliferations that most commonly develop at margins of synovial joint as a response to articular cartilage damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the risk factors for hip OA?

A
  • age & genetics
  • joint incongruency
  • laxity
  • BMI
  • heavy manual labour
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are symptoms of Hip OA?

A
  • Pain (groin, thigh, buttock)
  • Stiffness
  • Agg: walking, sit to stand
  • Ease: sitting
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are signs of Hip OA?

A
  • pain / decreased ROM in IR, flexion, and abduction
  • muscle weakness
  • gait disturbance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the management for hip OA?

A
  • local muscle strengthening
  • general aerobic
  • advice may cause initial pain
  • education programme
  • weight management
  • info and support
  • pharmacological
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) syndrome?

A
  • abnormal contact b/t the acetabulum and femoral head/neck junction
  • repeated abutment of femoral neck against acetabular rim
  • OA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 3 types of FAI?

A
  1. CAM impingement - anterior superior fem head-neck junction
  2. Pincer impingement - abnormalities in shape or orientation of acetabulum
  3. Mixed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the symptoms of FAI syndrome?

A
  • deep/anterior groin pain during activities involving repetitive hip flexion
  • symphysis pubis & anterior thigh
  • buttock/sacroiliac pain
  • catching/clicking
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the signs of FAI syndrome?

A
  • no valid/reliable tests
  • pain or decreased ROM passive flex & IR
  • +ve FADIR or FABER
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the treatment for FAI syndrome?

A
  • Conservative Rx (activity modification)
  • Surgery Rx (arthroscopy for acetabulum/proximal femur)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (GTPS)?

A

It is pain overlying the lateral aspect of the hip (may refer through the thigh)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the types of GTPS?

A
  • Trochanteric bursitis
  • Gluteus minimus/medius tendinopathy
  • Snapping hip syndrome
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the effects of GTPS?

A
  • sleep disturbance
  • decreased PA
  • decreased wellbeing
  • decreased QOL
17
Q

What are the symptoms of GTPS?

A
  • Agg: ipsilateral side lying, cross legs
18
Q

What are the signs of GTPS?

A
  • pain on palpation
  • pain resisted abduction & IR
  • +ve Trendelenburg sign after single leg stance test
  • +ve external de-rotation test
19
Q

What is the treatment for GTPS?

A
  • education
  • advice: activity mod; sleep; weight loss
  • soft tissue
  • exercise rehab
  • NSAID & corticosteroid injections
20
Q

What is Acute Adductor Tendon injury?

A
  • Strains or tears of the adductor longus tendon typically occur during acute muscle contraction
  • It commonly occurs when kicking or pivoting the leg
21
Q

How does an acute adductor tendon injury occur?

A
  • strong hip abd / ER movement simultaneous with contraction of adductors
  • COD, reaching, kicking, jumping
22
Q

What are the symptoms of acute adductor tendon injury?

A
  • sudden onset pain
  • localised groin / medial thigh
23
Q

What are the signs of acute adductor tendon injury?

A
  • pain resisted adduction
  • pain passive abduction
  • local pain / tenderness
24
Q

What is the rehab for an acute adductor tendon injury?

A
  • active flexibility
  • early resistance
  • load progression (High load, high speed)
  • running mvmts
  • slow running and side steps
  • running and COD
  • sprinting and COD
25
Q

How does a chronic adductor tendinopathy occur?

A
  • repetitive mvmt / activity
  • muscle weakness
  • strength imbalance
  • degenerative / genetics
  • changes tendon structure & function
26
Q

What are the symptoms of chronic adductor tendinopathy?

A
  • localized groin pain
  • may refer to medial thigh / abdomen
  • morning stiffness
27
Q

What are the signs
of chronic adductor tendinopathy?

A
  • pain passive abduction
  • pain eccentric loading
  • local pain / tenderness on palpation
  • +ve Add 45 degree squeeze test
28
Q

How does a hamstring injury occur?

A

high intensity sprinting (most common injury in football)

29
Q

What are the hamstring muscles?

A
  • biceps femoris
  • semitendinosus
  • semimembranosus
30
Q

What are the risk factors for hamstring injuries?

A
  • decreased flexibility
  • previous injury
  • quads / hamstring strength imbalance
31
Q

Where do hamstring injuries usually occur?

A

at the musculotendinous junction

32
Q

What are the different grades of hamstring injury?

A
  • Grade 1: mild damage to muscle fibres
  • Grade 2: partial tear (2-3 months)
  • Grade 3: complete rupture (surgery)
33
Q

What are the protocols for hamstring injuries?

A
  • PRICE
  • POLICE

MsK Lower Limb (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions