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PHYSICS > 1. Particles > Flashcards

1. Particles Flashcards

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1
Q

Describe the Strong Nuclear Force

A
  • Repulsive for distances less than 0.5fm
  • Attractive and larger than the electrostatic repulsion between 0.5-3.0 fm
  • SNF falls to 0 and has no effect after 3fm
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2
Q

What is the maximum value of attraction for the SNF?

A

1fm

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3
Q

In what kind of nuclei does alpha decay usually occur?

A

Very large ones

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4
Q

Describe an alpha particle

A

2 protons, 2 neutrons

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5
Q

What particle is also released during beta decay?

A

an anti neutrino

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6
Q

Describe beta minus decay

A

neuton —> proton + electon + electron antineutrino

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7
Q

Describe beta plus decay

A

proton —> neuton + positron + electron neutrino

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8
Q

Describe pair production

A

A photon is converted into a particle and its corresponding antiparticle

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9
Q

What type of photons have enough energy for pair production?

A

Gamma ray photons

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10
Q

What it the minimum energy required for a photon to undergo pair production equal to?

A

The total rest energies of the particles produced

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11
Q

What is the opposite of pair production?

A

Annihilation

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12
Q

Describe annihilation?

A

A particle and antiparticle meet and get converted into a pair of gamma ray photons

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13
Q

During annihilation, why are two gamma ray photons produced?

A

To conserve momentum

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14
Q

What is a photon?

A

A packet of electromagnetic energy

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15
Q

What is 1eV equivalent to?

A

1.6x10-19 j

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16
Q

How many joules is 1 meV equivalent to?

A

1.6x10-13

17
Q

What is intensity?

A

The number of photons per second

18
Q

What is the exchange particle of the electromagnetic force?

A

Virtual photon

19
Q

What is the exchange particle of the weak interaction?

A

W+ / W- boson

20
Q

What is the exchange particle of the strong nuclear force?

A

The pion / gluon

21
Q

What quarks is a proton made of?

A

UUD

22
Q

What quarks is a neutron made of?

A

UDD

23
Q

What force do hadrons feel?

A

Strong nuclear force

24
Q

What are the two types of hadrons?

A

Baryons and Mesons

25
Q

What type of particle is a proton?

A

Baryon

26
Q

What type of particle is a neutron?

A

Baryon

27
Q

What is the only stable baryon?

A

The proton

28
Q

all baryons except protons decay to a proton

A

all baryons except protons decay to a proton

29
Q

Name 2 mesons

A

Pions and Kaons

30
Q

During what type of interaction is strangeness conserved in?

A

Strong interaction

31
Q

How many quarks are baryons made from?

A

3

32
Q

What is the quark combination of mesons?

A

Quark antiquark pair

33
Q

Do kaons have strangeness?

A

Yes

34
Q

Why are exchange particles needed?

A

To transfer energy/ momentum)

PHYSICS (9 decks)

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