1. Overview of Anatomy

Question 1

Atoms
1

Answer 1

Tiny building blocks of matter, combine to Form molecules such as water, sugar, and proteins.

Question 2

Cells
2

Answer 2

The smallest units of all living things. All cells have some common functions, but individual cells vary widely in size and shape, reflecting their particular functions in the body.

Question 3

Tissues
3

Answer 3

Consist of groups of similar cells that have a common function. 4 basic tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscular, and neural.

Question 4

Organ
4

Answer 4

It is a structure composed of two or more tissue types that performs a specific function for the body.

Question 5

Organ System
5

Answer 5

Is a group of organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose. (For example, the heart and blood vessels of the cardiovascular system circulate blood continuously to carry nutrients and oxygen to all body cells.)

Question 6

Organism
6

Answer 6

Represents the highest level of structural organization, the organismal level. The organismal level is the sum total of all the structural levels working together to keep us alive.

Question 7

💝 Which are the levels of human body structural complexity.

Answer 7

1. Atoms/ Chemical level 2. Molecules 3. Cells/ cellular level 4. Tissues / Tissue level 5. Organs/ organ level 6. Organ System/ organ system level.
   Atoms are tiny building blocks of matter, combine to form molecules. Molecules then form to create cells. Groups of similar cells that have a common function consist tissues. Two or more tissue types that performs a specific function for the body compose an organ. And a group of organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose is an organ system.
   11 organ systems make up the living human being or the organism, which represents the highest level of structural organisation, the organism level. Human organisms are made up of many organ systems.

Question 8

Integumentary system - Δέρμα

Answer 8

The integumentary system is the external covering of the body, or the skin. It waterproofs the body and cushions and protects the deeper tissues from injury. It also excretes salts and urea in perspiration and help regulate body temperature. Temperature, pressure, and pain receptors located in the skin alert us to what is happening at the body surface.

Question 9

Skeletal System

Answer 9

The skeletal system consists of bones, cartilages χονδροι, ligaments σύνδεσμοι, and joints. It supports the body and provides a framework that the skeletal muscles use to cause movement. Has a protective function. Hematopoiesis, the formation of blood cells takes place within the cavities of the skeleton. They are a storehouse for minerals.

Question 10

Muscular System

Answer 10

Muscles have only one function to contract and when this happens movement occurs. The mobility of the body as a whole reflects the activity of skeletal muscles, the large, fleshy fleshy muscles attached to bones. When these contract, you are able to stand erect, walk, leap, grasp, throw a ball, or smile. The skeletal muscles form the muscular system. (these muscles are distinct from the muscles of the heart and of other hollow organs which move fluids or other substances.

Question 11

Nervous System

Answer 11

Is the fast acting control system of the body. It consists of the brain, spinal cord, nerves and sensory receptors. Respond to stimuli coming from outside the body (sound, light, change of temperature) and from inside the body (decrease in oxygen or stretching of tissue). Sensory receptors detect these changes and send messages (via electrical signals called nerve impulses) to the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) so that it is constantly informed about what is going on. The central nervous system then assesses this information and responds by activating the appropriate body effector.

Question 12

Endocrine System

Answer 12

The endocrine glands produce chemical molecules called hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use by body cells. The endocrine glands include the pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, thymus, pancreas, pineal, ovaries in the female and testes in the male. The endocrine glands are not connected anatomically like other organ systems but they all secrete hormones.

Question 13

Cardiovascular System

Answer 13

The primary organs of the cardiovascular system are the heart and blood vessels. Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, hormones. The heart acts as the blood pump, propelling blood out of its chambers into the blood vessels to be transported to all body tissues.

Question 14

Lymphatic System

Answer 14

The role of the lymphatic system complements that of the cardiovascular system. It’s organs include lymphatic vessels, lymp nodes λεμφαδένες, and other lymphoid organs such as the spleen and tonsils αμυγδαλές. The lymphatic vessels return fluid leaked from the blood back to the blood vessels so that blood can be kept continuously circulating through the body. Disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream. Houses white blood cells involved in immunity.

Question 15

Respiratory System

Answer 15

The job of the respiratory system is to keep The Body constantly supplied with Oxygen & to remove carbon dioxide. The respiratory system consists of the nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Within the lungs there are tiny air sacs. Gases are transported to and from the blood through the thin walls of these

Question 16

Digestive System

Answer 16

The digestive System is basically a tube Running through the Body from mouth to anus. The organs of the digestive system include the Oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestine, rectum and anus plus a number of accessory organs (liver, salivary glands, pancreas, and others). Their role is to break down food and deliver the products to the blood for dispersal to the body cells. The undigested food are eliminated through the anus as feces. The liver is considered a digestive organ because the bile it produces help to break down fats. Also the pancreas, which delivers digestive enzymes to the small intestine, is functionally a digestive organ.

Question 17

Urinary System

Answer 17

The ordinary system remove the nitrogen containing pasties from the blood Έμφασις them from the Body in urine the system often called the excretory system, is composed of the kidneys, ureter, bladder, and urethra. Other important functions include maintaining the body’s water and salt (electrolyte) balance and regulating the acid-base balance of the blood.

Question 18

Reproductive System

Answer 18

The reproductive system exists primarily to produce offspring. The testes of the male produce sperm. other male reproductive system structures are the scrotum οσχεο, penis, accessory glands and the duct system, which carries sperm to the outside of the body. the ovaries of the female produce eggs, the female duct system consist of the uterine tubes, uterus and vagina. the uterus provides the site for the development of the fetus once fertilization has occurred.

Question 19

Name the organ systems of the body

Answer 19

1. Integumentary system
2. Skeletal system
3. Muscular system
4. Nervous system
5. Endocrine system
6. Cardiovascular system
7. Lymphatic system
8. Respiratory system
9. Digestive system
10. Urinary system
11. Reproductive system