1. Organic Chemistry Fundamentals

Question 1

name the IUPAC prefixes for hydrocarbons with 1-10 carbon atoms.

Answer 1

meth
eth
pro
but
pent
hex
hept
oct
non
dec

Question 2

draw

1. sec-butyl substituent group
2. isopropyl substituent group

Answer 2

1. sec-butyl: alpha carbon has a methyl and ethyl group attached to it.
2. isopropyl: middle carbon is attached to main chain.

Question 3

what is the structural difference between an aldehyde and a ketone?

Answer 3

aldehyde –> RH = O

ketone –> RR = O

Question 4

what is the structural difference between carboxylic acid, amide, ester, and acid halide?

Answer 4

carboxylic acid: double bond oxygen with an alcohol group
amide: double bond oxygen with an amino group
ester: double bond oxygen with an ether group
acid halide: double bond oxygen with a halogen group

Question 5

t or f, when naming organic compounds, halogens get priority over hydroxyl groups.

Answer 5

false!

when naming, the hydroxyl (-OH) group gets the lowest numbered carbon (highest priority) over halogen and alkyl groups.