1 - Oral viral infections Flashcards
What are the characteristics of a virus?
- simple chemical composition
- no intracellular organelles
- they are obligate intracellular parasites
- genetic information carried as DNA or RNA
Give an example of a DNA virus.
Human herpes viruses
Give an example of a RNA virus.
Paramyxovirus (mumps)
What are the key stages of viral replication?
- binding
- entry
- release and nuclear transport
- nuclear entry
- gene expression
- DNA replication
- packaging
- egress
What is shorthand for provisional diagnosis?
Two triangles
What is shorthand for diagnosis?
One triangle
What is used for a viral swab?
- flocked swab
- placed in molecular sample solution (MSS)
- after immersion remove swab
What is used for a blood sample?
- placed in purple topped tube
- EDTA solution
What information is required on a virology request form?
- patient details and clinician details
- provisional diagnosis
- date of onset
- specify test required
What viruses typically present with a maculopapular/erythematous appearance?
- enterovirus
- HHV6/7
- measles
- rubella
What viruses typically present with a vesicular appearance?
- HSV1/2
- HZV
- enterovirus
What viruses typically present with ulcers?
- HSV
- enterovirus
Define maculopapular.
A mix of macules (flat discolored areas of skin) and papules (small raised bumps)
What is used for detection of viral nucleic acid?
Nucleic acid amplification
What antibody indicates a primary response?
IgM
What antibody indicates a secondary response?
IgG
What viruses are part of the HHV group?
- HSV1
- HSV2
- varicella zoster
- epstein barr
- cytomegalovirus
- HHV6
- HHV7
- HHV8 (Kaposi’s Sarcoma)
Describe the clinical features of HSV1 and HSV2 infection.
- gingivo stomatitis
- herpes labialis
- keratoconjunctivitis
- herpetic whitlow
- bell’s palsy
- genital herpes