1) Notes On Vitamins (A, B, C &D)

Question 1

What are nutrients

Answer 1

Nutrients are substances found in food which

1. Provide energy for activities
2. Provide materials for growth and repair
3. Keep us healthy

Question 2

Examples of nutrients

Answer 2

Proteins
Vitamins
Fats
Carbohydrates 
Minerals

Question 3

2 categories vitamins can be split up in and which types are in each

Answer 3

Water-soluble
(B&C)
Fat-soluble
(A&D)

Question 4

What do vitamins do

Answer 4

Protect the body from diseases

Keeps the body functioning properly

Question 5

What happens if you lack vitamins

Answer 5

(result in) Deficiency diseases

Question 6

What does Vitamin B do

Answer 6

Helps release energy from food
Vitamin B1 required for normal growth in children
Found in cereals, meat, egg and milk

Question 7

Names of vitamins B1,2,3 and what happens if there is a deficiency

Answer 7

B1:
Thiamin
Deficiency can lead to beri beri

B2:
Riboflavin
Deficiency can lead to swollen tongue and lips

B3:
Niacin
Deficiency can lead to pellagra

Question 8

What is beri beri

Answer 8

Swelling of lower legs and weight loss

Question 9

What is pellagra

Answer 9

Rashes, diarrhoea and mental disorder

Question 10

Function of vitamin C (and what is it)

Answer 10

Ascorbic acid

• helps heal cuts and wounds
• helps the body absorb iron

Question 11

Sources of vitamin C

Answer 11

Citrus fruits i.e. oranges and lemons
Green leafy vegetables
Berries
Tomatoes

Question 12

What happens if there is a deficiency in vitamin c?

Answer 12

Results in scurvy

Bleeding gums and loose teeth

Question 13

Sources of vitamin A

Answer 13

(retinol)
Yellow, orange and dark green vegetables and fruits
i.e. carrots, broccoli, mangoes and papayas
Egg yolk
Liver
Dairy products
i.e. milk, cheese and butter

Question 14

What is vitamin A needed for

Answer 14

Healthy skin

Keep our eyes healthy to see better in dim light

Question 15

What happened if there is a deficiency of vitamin a

Answer 15

Dry skin

Night-blindness (unable to see clearly in dim light)

Question 16

What is vitamin D and its function

Answer 16

Cholecalciferol

Helps in the absorption of calcium from food to build strong bones and teeth

Question 17

Sources of vitamin D

Answer 17

Milk, egg yolk and salmon

Can be manufactured by the skin when exposed to sunlight

Question 18

What happens if there’s a deficiency of vitamin D

Answer 18

Rickets

Legs are bowed

Question 19

Effects of heat on vitamins

Answer 19

Vitamin c and some b vitamins are unstable to heat thus cooking destroys these vitamins

Meat loses vitamins when cooked
Vegetables are best eaten raw