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Computer Security > 1. Network security: Networking Principles > Flashcards

1. Network security: Networking Principles Flashcards

1
Q

How is data sent over networks?

A

packets

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2
Q

What does it mean for a device to handle packets on a best efforts basis?

A

Attempts to deliver, but no guarantees

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3
Q

What is a packet?

A

Finite set of bits comprised of a header and payload

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4
Q

What is a packet header?

A

Contains routing information, and other details

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5
Q

What is the packet payload?

A

Actual information being communicated

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6
Q

What is network topology?

A

A networks connection structure

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7
Q

What are host nodes?

A

Sources and or destinations of packets in a network

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8
Q

What a communication nodes?

A

Routers through which packets flow

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9
Q

What does LAN stand for?

A

Local area network

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10
Q

What does WAN stand for?

A

Wide area network

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11
Q

What is an autonomous system?

A

A cluster of routers controlled by a single entity

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12
Q

How are packets routed among nodes in an AS?

A

(typically) shortest path, to minimise hops and avoid loops

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13
Q

What does AS stand for?

A

Autonomous system

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14
Q

How are packets router between AS’s?

A

Determined by contractual agreements (and designed to avoid loops)

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15
Q

What is the physical layer?

A

Moves bits between nodes (copper, coax, fibre, radio, etc)

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16
Q

What is the link layer?

A

Deals with the logic to transmit frames to MAC addresses

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17
Q

What layer does the Ethernet protocol operate at?

A

Link layer

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18
Q

What does MAC stand for?

A

media access control

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19
Q

How many bits does a MAC address have?

A

48

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20
Q

What is the network layer?

A

Moves packets between hosts with an IP address on a best efforts basis

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21
Q

What does IP stand for?

A

Internet protocol

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22
Q

How many bits in an IPv4 address?

A

32

23
Q

How many bits in an IPv6 address?

A

128

24
Q

What is the transport layer?

A

Supports communication between applications based of an IP and port

25
Q

What layer does TCP operate at?

A

Transport layer

26
Q

What layer does UDP operate at?

A

Transport layer

27
Q

What does TCP stand for?

A

Transmission control protocol

28
Q

What does UDP stand for?

A

User datagram protocol?

29
Q

What does TCP do?

A

Establishes a virtual connection between a client and server. Guarantees delivery of all packets in order.

30
Q

What does UDP do?

A

No prior setup, delivers packets ASAP with no delivery guarantees.

31
Q

What is the application layer?

A

Provides protocols that support useful functions of the internet.

32
Q

What layer does HTTP operate at?

A

Application layer

33
Q

Does HTTP use TCP or UDP?

A

TCP

34
Q

What layer does DNS operate at?

A

Application layer

35
Q

Does DNS use TCP or UDP?

A

UDP

36
Q

What layer does SMTP operate at?

A

Application layer

37
Q

What layer does IMAP operate at?

A

Application layer

38
Q

What does SMTP stand for?

A

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

39
Q

What does IMAP stand for?

A

Internet Message Access Protocol

40
Q

Does SMTP use TCP or UDP?

A

TCP

41
Q

Does IMAP use TCP or UDP?

A

TCP

42
Q

What is SMTP used for?

A

Email

43
Q

What is IMAP used for?

A

Email

44
Q

What does SSL stand for?

A

Secure Sockets Layer

45
Q

Does SSL use TCP or UDP?

A

TCP

46
Q

What does VoIP stand for?

A

Voice over Internet Protocol

47
Q

Does VoIP use TCP or UDP?

A

UDP

48
Q

What are the five layers in the TCP/IP model?

A
  • Physical layer
  • Link layer
  • Network layer
  • Transport layer
  • Application layer
49
Q

What is packet encapsulation?

A

The packet from a higher layer becomes the data in a lower level

50
Q

What is a network interface?

A

Interface between two pieces of equipment

51
Q

What is the structure of a MAC address?

A

First 3 octets as IEEE-assigned organisationally unique, next 3 must be unique

52
Q

What does a switch do?

A

Learns MAC address of each connected computer, forwards frames only for the destination

53
Q

What layer does a switch operate at?

A

Link layer

54
Q

What does a router do?

A

Maintains table to forward packets to the appropriate network, based solely on destination address

Computer Security (18 decks)

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