1 Nervous System Development

Question 1

Once the neural tube closes, the neuroepithelial cell layer will differentiate into _____ (primitive nerve cells) that form the _____ layer.

Answer 1

Neuroblasts

Mantle

Question 2

As nerve fibers emerge from neuroblasts, they occupy the space outside the mantle layer called the ____ layer.

Answer 2

Marginal

Question 3

The mantle layer will become _____ matter of the spinal cord.
The marginal layer will become ____ matter of the spinal cord

Answer 3

Gray

White

Question 4

Proliferation of the mantle layer forms ____/_____ plates (ventral) and ____/_____ plates (dorsal) which will form the ventral and dorsal horns of the spinal cord.

Answer 4

Basal/Motor

Alar/Sensory

Question 5

Gliablasts that migrate to the marginal layer will form ______ cells. Gliablasts that migrate to the mantle layer will form _____. Neuroepithelial cells that do no differentiate into gliablasts will become _____ cells.

Answer 5

Astrocytes

Oligodendroglia

Ependymal cells

Question 6

Interfacing cells between blood supply and neurons

Answer 6

Astrocytes

Question 7

Produce myelin sheath in CNS. May myelinate upwards of 50 axons.

Answer 7

Oligodendroglia

Question 8

Cells lining the central canal of the spinal cord and other ventricular spaces in the CNS

Answer 8

Ependymal cells

Question 9

Phagocytic cells of the CNS

Answer 9

Microglia

Question 10

Neural crest cells give rise to the _____ roots, carrying sensory info.

Answer 10

Dorsal nerve

Question 11

A 3 month embryo has its spinal cord spanning the entire vertebral column, but then the vertebral column and dura grow longer resulting in a spinal cord termination at ____ and dura termination at ____ plus the cauda equina (nerve roots) below the spinal cord.

Answer 11

L2/3

S2

Question 12

ANS: The first neuron (preganglionic) exists in the _____ region (parasympathetic) or in the _____ region (sympathetic) in the gray matter. The second neuron (both parasympathetic and sympathetic) are derived from ____.

Answer 12

Craniosacral

Thoracolumbar

Neural Crest Cells

Question 13

Cranial region opening (neural tube defect). Brain doesn’t develop. Prevented by Folic Acid.

Answer 13

Anencephaly

Question 14

Spinal region opening (neural tube defect). Folic acid prevents.

Answer 14

Spina Bifida

Question 15

Abnormal accumulation of CSF, obstruction of cerebral aqueduct. Neural tube defect.

Answer 15

Hydrocephalus