1- Motivations for outdoor experiences Flashcards
Define NATURE
The living things, the ecosystems and the processes that form them, and the places in which we find all of these.
define natural and three examples
something that occurs naturally and is not influenced by humans. Tree, Koala, Rainforest ect.
define unnatural and three examples
something natural that only occurs because of human influence. rose garden, ski slope, introduced rabbits ect.
define artificial and three examples
something made by humans. a car, a computer, artificial sweetener etc.
define ecosystem
a community of interdependent species and their environment.
define WILDERNESS and the three key parts
An environment that is big, remote and untouched (or relatively untouched by humans.
Big- big enough to be self-sufficient, usually 2000+ hectares.
remote- not easily accessed from large population centres, far and no easy transport
untouched- undamaged or unmodified by humans.
urban environments define and examples
areas of permanent infrastructure designed to support higher population densities such as towns and cities.
built environments define and examples
areas that have been created or modified by people including buildings, parks, and transport systems.
protected areas list
World heritage protected area national park wilderness park marine parks state parks local/ metropolitan parks
types of outdoor environments list
Alps Grassland Heathland Mallee Dry forest and woodlands Wet forests and rainforest Inland waters and wetlands coast and marine environments
intrinsic motivations define (type of motivation)
motivations we get from within ourselves, for example- a good feeling you get, personal satisfaction, challenge etc.
extrinsic motivation define (type of motivation)
Motivations we get from outside ourselves, which as external to us, for example- money, competition or authority.
Motivations for outdoor experiences 4
1- Competence/Mastery
2- Stimulus avoidance
3- Socialisation
4- Cognitive reward
Competence/mastery motivation examples
being the first
being competent
setting a record
building strength
Stimulus avoidance motivation examples
escape from everyday life
health and wellbeing
being alone
do something to avoid doing something else
Socialisation
social benefits
personal and social development
community
growth and independence
Cognitive reward
learning something new achievment adrenalin rush experinecing flow proving yourself
Define flow
you feel at one with the world, no worries, completely focused and engrossed in the activity, happy
positive responses to outdoor environments list of examples
appreciation awe contemplation inspiration exhilaration connection curiosity
negative responses to outdoor environments list of examples
fear
revulsion
curiosity
factors that influence personal responses (list)
age background education experience culture media religion socioeconomic background
ways of experiencing and responding to outdoor environments (4)
1- A resource
2- recreation and adventure
3- a spiritual connection
4- a study site
outdoor environments as a RESOURCE define and example
using outdoor environments to aid humans and is often a source of income. Food, water, materials for shelter, timber, mining, agriculture, farming, tourism etc.
could be a negative response if leads to increased exploitation and destruction.
outdoor environments as a RECREATION AND ADVENTURE define and example
an activity that is done for fun and enjoyment and a challenge, provide time to reflect and appreciate and respect the environment. Rock climbing, hiking, cycling, skiing etc.
outdoor environments as a SPIRITUAL CONNECTION define and example
finding a sense of place, connecting on a deeper level, being in sync. indigenous Australians are known to have a spiritual connection to the land and specific places. could be standing on top of a mountain or listening to the waves crash.
outdoor environments as a STUDY SITE define and example
a place of investigation, analysis, observation, testing, etc. Such as students, scientists, land managers to better understand the changes over time.
ways of knowing outdoor environment list (3)
experiential knowledge
environmental and natural history
ecological, social, and economic perspective
experiential knowledge def- way of knowing
obtaining knowledge through experience, visiting and getting involved to form a direct relationship. own experience and deep understanding through personal experience. example?
environmental and natural history def- way of knowing
knowledge of the environment over time such as climate, weather, changes in landscape and flora/fauna. able to reflect on past changes and predict future changes. example?
ecological, social, and economic perspective def- way of knowing
living organisms and physical surroundings in ecosystems knowledge that is not immediately obvious. how society as a large group reacts to greater knowledge on what activities are successful or not. And for resources and income opportunities such as tourism and farming know how to make money.
types of risks (3)
1- environmental risks- originate from the environment such as weather, terrain, flora/fauna and shelter
2- risks associated with people- all people involved such as skills, knowledge, health, fitness and emotions
3- risks associated with equipment- specialised equipment used such as canoes, bikes, tents, climbing ropes, helmets and stoves.
