1. Mindset - The new psychology of success Flashcards
Dealt
/dɛlt/ - Verb
Distributed or given out, often referring to cards in games or responsibilities.
In the context of card games, to distribute cards to players. In a broader sense, it can refer to having given out or distributed tasks, responsibilities, or resources among a group of people.
Synonyms: Handled, Managed, Treated
Opposites: Ignored, Neglected, Avoided
Examples:
1. He dealt the cards carefully to each player.
2. The manager dealt assignments to the team at the beginning of the week.
3. In international relations, diplomats must deal with complex issues that require careful negotiation and strategy.
Questions:
Q: How are cards usually dealt in a poker game?
A: In a poker game, cards are typically dealt clockwise around the table, starting with the player to the left of the dealer.
Q: Can you describe a situation where a teacher might have dealt with a difficult student?
A: A teacher might have dealt with a difficult student by setting clear boundaries and expectations, and possibly by working closely with the student to understand and address the underlying issues.
Q: What are some strategies a project manager might use to deal with tight deadlines and high expectations?
A: A project manager might prioritize tasks, allocate resources efficiently, and communicate effectively with the team and stakeholders to manage tight deadlines and high expectations.
Farsi: تقسیم کردن
تقسیم کارت‌ها در بازی‌ها یا توزیع وظایف و مسئولیت‌ها در یک گروه از افراد. در بازی‌های کارتی، به معنای توزیع کارت‌ها بین بازیکنان است. به طور گسترده‌تر، می‌تواند به توزیع وظایف، مسئولیت‌ها، یا منابع بین یک گروه از افراد اشاره داشته باشد.
Belief
/bɪˈliːf/ - Noun
Acceptance that something exists or is true, especially without proof.
A state or habit of mind in which trust or confidence is placed in some person or thing. It can also refer to a religious conviction or the feeling of being certain that something is true or real.
Synonyms: Faith, Conviction, Trust
Opposites: Disbelief, Skepticism, Doubt
Examples:
1. He has a strong belief in the importance of kindness.
2. My belief that the earth is round is based on scientific evidence.
3. The diversity of religious beliefs around the world illustrates the complexity of human culture.
Questions:
Q: What is a common belief about eating carrots?
A: A common belief is that eating carrots improves your eyesight.
Q: Can you explain how personal beliefs might influence decision-making?
A: Personal beliefs can greatly influence decision-making by shaping one’s perceptions, values, and priorities, leading to choices that reflect those beliefs.
Q: How do cultural beliefs affect the acceptance of scientific evidence in different societies?
A: Cultural beliefs can significantly affect the acceptance of scientific evidence, as societies may prioritize traditional knowledge or skepticism towards new information, influencing public opinion and policy.
Farsi: باور
حالت یا عادت ذهنی که در آن اعتماد یا اطمینان به شخص یا چیزی قرار می‌گیرد. همچنین می‌تواند به اعتقاد دینی یا احساس قطعیت نسبت به حقیقت یا واقعیت چیزی اشاره کند.
Cultivates
/ˈkʌltɪveɪts/ - Verb
Fosters the growth of something or improves skills through effort.
To prepare and use land for crops or gardening. It also refers to the process of trying to acquire or develop a quality, sentiment, or skill through care and attention.
Synonyms: Nurtures, Fosters, Tends
Opposites: Neglects, Abandons, Ignores
Examples:
1. She cultivates a small garden in her backyard every summer.
2. The teacher cultivates a love of reading in her students.
3. By regularly attending workshops, he cultivates his skills in digital marketing.
Questions:
Q: What does it mean to cultivate plants?
A: To cultivate plants means to grow and take care of them, often involving preparing the soil, planting seeds or seedlings, and ensuring they receive water, sunlight, and nutrients.
Q: How can someone cultivate a new habit?
A: Someone can cultivate a new habit by consistently practicing the desired behavior, setting clear goals, and possibly seeking support or using reminders to reinforce the habit.
Q: What are the benefits of cultivating positive relationships at work?
A: Cultivating positive relationships at work can lead to a more supportive and collaborative environment, increased job satisfaction, and better communication among team members.
Farsi: پرورش دادن
آماده‌سازی و استفاده از زمین برای کشت یا باغبانی. همچنین به فرآیند تلاش برای کسب یا توسعه یک کیفیت، احساس، یا مهارت از طریق مراقبت و توجه اشاره دارد.
Aptitudes
/ˈæptɪˌtjuːdz/ - Noun
Natural abilities or talents.
Inherent or acquired capabilities for learning and proficiency in a specific area or discipline. Aptitudes may include a wide range of skills such as mathematical, verbal, spatial, mechanical, and artistic abilities.
Synonyms: Skills, Abilities, Talents
Opposites: Incompetence, Incapacity, Ineptitude
Examples:
1. Her aptitude for languages is remarkable; she learns new languages with ease.
2. Tests for career guidance often assess various aptitudes to suggest suitable professions.
3. Understanding your own aptitudes can help you choose a field of study or career path that aligns with your strengths.
Questions:
Q: What is an example of a mathematical aptitude?
A: An example of a mathematical aptitude is being able to quickly understand and solve complex mathematical problems.
Q: How can someone discover their aptitudes?
A: Someone can discover their aptitudes through self-reflection, trying different activities, receiving feedback, and possibly undergoing formal assessments or aptitude tests.
Q: Why is it important to identify students’ aptitudes early in their education?
A: Identifying students’ aptitudes early in their education is important because it allows educators to tailor learning experiences to each student’s strengths, potentially leading to increased engagement and success in their studies.
Farsi: استعدادها
توانایی‌ها یا استعدادهای طبیعی یا کسب‌شده برای یادگیری و تبحر در یک زمینه یا رشته خاص. استعدادها می‌توانند شامل طیف وسیعی از مهارت‌ها مانند توانایی‌های ریاضی، کلامی، فضایی، مکانیکی، و هنری باشند.
Temperament
/ˈtɛmpərəmənt/ - Noun
The combination of mental, physical, and emotional traits of a person; natural predisposition.
An individual’s characteristic mode of emotional response, including their speed and intensity of response to stimuli. It is often considered innate rather than learned and is a fundamental aspect of an individual’s personality.
Synonyms: Disposition, Nature, Character
Opposites: Volatility, Instability, Inconsistency
Examples:
1. His calm temperament makes him an excellent mediator in conflicts.
2. Artists often have a temperament that is sensitive and passionate, driving their creative processes.
3. Understanding a child’s temperament can help parents tailor their parenting approach to better meet the child’s needs.
Questions:
Q: How does temperament differ from personality?
A: Temperament refers to the innate traits that determine how one naturally responds to the environment, while personality is shaped by both innate characteristics and life experiences.
Q: Can a person’s temperament change over time?
A: While a person’s core temperament traits are generally stable over time, their expression can be modified by experiences and personal development.
Q: Why is it important to consider temperament in educational settings?
A: Considering temperament in educational settings is important because it allows educators to adapt teaching methods to fit the diverse emotional and behavioral needs of students, promoting better learning outcomes.
Farsi: مزاج
ترکیبی از ویژگی‌های ذهنی، فیزیکی، و عاطفی یک شخص؛ گرایش طبیعی. حالت واکنش عاطفی مشخص یک فرد، از جمله سرعت و شدت پاسخ به محرک‌ها، که اغلب بیشتر ذاتی تلقی می‌شود تا اکتسابی و جزء اساسی شخصیت فرد است.
Foresee
/fɔːˈsiː/ - Verb
To know about something before it happens.
The ability to predict or have knowledge of future events before they occur, often based on current information or trends. It implies a certain level of insight or foresight beyond mere expectation.
Synonyms: Anticipate, Predict, Envision
Opposites: Unforesee, Surprise, Unpredict
Examples:
1. He could foresee the challenges the project might face in its early stages.
2. Market analysts try to foresee trends to advise investors wisely.
3. The ability to foresee the outcome of decisions is crucial in strategic planning.
Questions:
Q: What is a simple example of foreseeing something in everyday life?
A: A simple example of foreseeing something in everyday life is checking the weather forecast to plan outdoor activities.
Q: How can a company foresee potential market changes?
A: A company can foresee potential market changes by conducting thorough research, analyzing trends, and gathering insights from experts in the field.
Q: Why is it important for governments to foresee economic crises?
A: It’s important for governments to foresee economic crises to implement preventative measures, prepare safety nets for citizens, and minimize the impact on the economy and society.
Farsi: پیش‌بینی کردن
توانایی پیش‌بینی یا داشتن دانش در مورد رویدادهای آینده قبل از وقوع آنها، اغلب بر اساس اطلاعات یا روندهای کنونی. این توانایی نشان‌دهنده سطحی از بینش یا پیش‌بینی فراتر از انتظار معمول است.
Accomplish
/əˈkɒmplɪʃ/ - Verb
To complete something successfully.
To succeed in doing something, especially something that requires a lot of effort or skill.
Synonyms: Achieve, Attain, Complete, Fulfill
Opossits: Fail, Fall short, Give up, Miss
Examples:
1. She works hard to accomplish her goals.
2. With dedication, one can accomplish even the most challenging tasks.
3. The team worked together to accomplish the project ahead of the deadline.
Questions:
Q: What do you want to accomplish this year?
A: I want to improve my English and learn a new skill.
Q: How can setting small goals help you accomplish your main objective?
A: Setting small goals makes the main objective seem more achievable by breaking it down into manageable steps.
Q: Can you give an example of a historical figure who accomplished a lot in their lifetime?
A: Leonardo da Vinci accomplished many things in different fields like art, science, and engineering during his lifetime.
Farsi: انجام دادن
انجام دادن به معنای موفق شدن در انجام چیزی، به ویژه چیزی که نیاز به تلاش زیاد یا مهارت دارد، است.
Tail
/teɪl/ - Noun
The rear part of an animal’s body, extending beyond the trunk or main part of the body.
The part of an animal that extends from the back of its body, often used for balance, communication, or in some cases as a form of defense.
Synonyms: Rear, End, Extremity
Opposites: Head, Front, Lead
Examples:
1. The dog wagged its tail happily when it saw its owner.
2. Cats use their tails for balance when they walk along narrow spaces.
3. Some lizards can detach their tails to escape from predators.
Questions:
Q: What do dogs often do with their tails when they are happy?
A: Dogs wag their tails when they are happy.
Q: Why do cats need their tails?
A: Cats need their tails for balance, especially when navigating tight or high places.
Q: Can you name an animal that can detach its tail? Why would it do that?
A: Some lizards can detach their tails as a defense mechanism to escape from predators.
Farsi: دم
دم بخشی از بدن حیوان است که از قسمت عقبی بدنش، فراتر از تنه یا قسمت اصلی بدن، امتداد می‌یابد.
Uncoordinated
/ˌʌnkəˈɔːrdɪneɪtɪd/ - Adjective
Not able to move or work together smoothly and efficiently.
Lacking the ability to move different parts of the body together in a smooth, effective way, or lacking organization and harmony in action or function.
Synonyms: Clumsy, Inept, Disjointed, Awkward
Opposite: Coordinated, Organized, Synchronized
Examples:
1. The young puppy’s movements were uncoordinated as it tried to chase its tail.
2. After staying up all night, her actions were slow and uncoordinated.
3. The project failed because the team’s efforts were uncoordinated and lacked a clear plan.
Questions:
Q: Why might someone appear uncoordinated in the morning?
A: Someone might appear uncoordinated in the morning due to lack of sleep or not being fully awake yet.
Q: How can lack of coordination affect a sports team’s performance?
A: Lack of coordination can lead to miscommunication and errors, negatively affecting a sports team’s performance.
Q: What could be a solution for an uncoordinated project team?
A: A solution for an uncoordinated project team could be to establish clear communication, roles, and a detailed plan to ensure everyone works together effectively.
Farsi: بی‌هماهنگ
بی‌هماهنگ به کمبود توانایی برای حرکت دادن قسمت‌های مختلف بدن به طور هماهنگ و مؤثر، یا فقدان سازماندهی و هارمونی در عملکرد اشاره دارد.
Graceless
/ˈɡreɪsləs/ - Adjective
Lacking elegance or charm; awkward or clumsy.
Describes actions or behaviors that are not smooth, elegant, or aesthetically pleasing, often appearing awkward, clumsy, or lacking in social finesse.
Synonyms: Awkward, Clumsy, Ungainly, Inelegant
Opposits: Graceful, Elegant, Poised, Refined
Examples:
1. His dance moves were somewhat graceless, yet he danced with such enthusiasm.
2. Despite her graceless entrance, she carried herself with confidence throughout the evening.
3. The graceless design of the building was criticized for its lack of aesthetic appeal.
Questions:
Q: Why might someone’s movements be described as graceless?
A: Someone’s movements might be described as graceless if they appear awkward, clumsy, or lacking in smoothness and elegance.
Q: Can a person overcome being graceless in social situations? How?
A: Yes, a person can overcome being graceless in social situations by practicing social skills, becoming more aware of their body language, and gaining confidence through experience.
Q: What impact can a graceless design have on the perception of a product or building?
A: A graceless design can negatively impact the perception of a product or building by making it appear less appealing, elegant, or functional to potential users or observers.
Farsi: بی‌زیبایی
بی‌زیبایی به کمبود زیبایی شناختی، ظرافت، یا جذابیت در رفتارها، حرکات، یا طراحی‌ها اشاره دارد و معمولاً با برخوردهای ناشیانه، غیرماهرانه یا بدون ظرافت همراه است.
Cherished
/ˈtʃerɪʃt/ - Adjective
Greatly cared for or valued.
Describes something that is deeply loved and highly valued, often held in one’s thoughts or memories with a lot of affection and care.
Synonyms: Treasured, Beloved, Valued, Precious
Opposites: Disdained, Despised, Reviled, Abhorred
Examples:
1. Her cherished necklace, a gift from her grandmother, was her most prized possession.
2. The cherished memories of summer vacations spent with family were always a source of joy for him.
3. Their friendship was cherished, built on years of trust and mutual respect.
Questions:
Q: What is something you’ve cherished from your childhood?
A: I’ve cherished a stuffed animal that was my constant companion throughout my childhood.
Q: How can one show that they cherish a relationship with someone?
A: One can show they cherish a relationship by consistently expressing love, appreciation, and making time for the other person.
Q: Why is it important to cherish the moments we have with loved ones?
A: It’s important to cherish moments with loved ones because those times are precious and create lasting memories that we hold dear throughout our lives.
Farsi: گرامی‌داشته
گرامی‌داشته به چیزی اشاره دارد که بسیار دوست داشته شده و ارزشمند است، اغلب در افکار یا خاطرات فرد با علاقه و مراقبت زیاد نگه داشته می‌شود.
Deficiencies
/dɪˈfɪʃənsiz/ - Noun
The state of lacking something that is necessary or the absence of a sufficient quantity or number.
Refers to the lack or shortage of something essential, often leading to problems or less than optimal conditions. In a broader sense, it can also refer to a lack in qualities, such as skills or resources.
Synonyms: Shortages, Insufficiencies, Lack, Shortfalls
Opposites: Surplus, Excess, Proficiency, Abundance
Examples:
1. The report highlighted the deficiencies in the current educational system.
2. A diet with nutritional deficiencies can lead to health problems.
3. The project was delayed due to deficiencies in planning and resource allocation.
Questions:
Q: What can be the result of vitamin deficiencies in a person’s diet?
A: Vitamin deficiencies can lead to various health issues, such as weakened immune system, fatigue, and bone weakness.
Q: How can a company address deficiencies in its customer service?
A: A company can address deficiencies in customer service by training staff, implementing feedback systems, and improving communication channels.
Q: Why is it important to identify deficiencies early in a project?
A: Identifying deficiencies early in a project is important to make necessary adjustments and prevent potential delays or failures.
Farsi: کمبودها
کمبودها به نبود یا کاهش چیزهای ضروری اشاره دارد که اغلب منجر به مشکلات یا شرایط کمتر از ایده‌آل می‌شود. در معنای گسترده‌تر، می‌تواند به کمبود در کیفیت‌ها، مانند مهارت‌ها یا منابع، اشاره کند.
Self-Esteem
/ˌsɛlfɪˈstiːm/ - Noun
Confidence in one’s own worth or abilities; self-respect.
Refers to an individual’s overall subjective emotional evaluation of their own worth. It is the decision made by an individual as an attitude towards the self, encompassing beliefs about oneself as well as an emotional state, such as triumph, despair, pride, and shame.
Synonyms: Self-worth, Self-respect, Self-regard, Confidence
Opposites: Low self-esteem, Self-doubt, Insecurity, Self-deprecation
Examples:
1. Participating in sports can enhance a child’s self-esteem.
2. A healthy level of self-esteem is crucial for mental well-being and personal development.
3. She credits her success to the high self-esteem instilled by her supportive family.
Questions:
Q: How can positive reinforcement from teachers affect a student’s self-esteem?
A: Positive reinforcement from teachers can boost a student’s self-esteem by making them feel valued and capable, encouraging a positive view of themselves.
Q: What are some ways to improve your self-esteem?
A: Improving self-esteem can involve practicing self-compassion, setting realistic goals, surrounding oneself with positive support, and challenging negative beliefs about oneself.
Q: Why is self-esteem important in personal relationships?
A: Self-esteem is important in personal relationships because it influences how we view ourselves and, consequently, how we interact with others, impacting the quality and health of our relationships.
Farsi: عزت نفس
عزت نفس به اعتماد به نفس و ارزیابی عاطفی کلی یک فرد از ارزش خود اشاره دارد. این مفهوم شامل باورها در مورد خود فرد و همچنین حالات عاطفی مانند احساس پیروزی، یاس، افتخار و شرم است.
Stretch
/strɛtʃ/ - Verb
To extend one’s body or a part of the body to its full length, typically so as to tighten one’s muscles or in order to reach something.
Involves lengthening the muscles and tendons to increase flexibility, improve circulation, and prepare the body for physical activity, or to extend something to make it longer, wider, or looser.
Synonyms: Extend, Lengthen, Expand, Elongate
Opposites: Contraction, Shorten, Shrink, Compress
Examples:
1. She stretches every morning to start her day feeling energized.
2. Stretching before and after exercise can help prevent injuries.
3. He stretched his hand to reach the book on the top shelf.
Questions:
Q: Why is it important to stretch before exercising?
A: Stretching before exercising is important because it warms up the muscles, increases flexibility, and reduces the risk of injuries.
Q: Can stretching improve flexibility if done regularly?
A: Yes, regular stretching can significantly improve flexibility by lengthening the muscles and increasing their elasticity.
Q: What is a simple stretch to relieve back tension?
A: A simple stretch to relieve back tension is the cat-cow stretch, which involves arching the back upwards and then dipping it downwards while on all fours, promoting flexibility and relief in the spine.
Farsi: کشش
کشش فرآیندی است که طی آن عضلات و تاندون‌ها به منظور افزایش انعطاف‌پذیری، بهبود گردش خون و آماده‌سازی بدن برای فعالیت‌های فیزیکی کشیده می‌شوند، یا برای افزایش طول، عرض، یا سستی چیزی انجام می‌شود.
A Pair of Tens
A Pair of Tens - Phrase
Referring to two tens, typically in the context of cards or counting.
In a standard deck of cards, a “pair of tens” refers to having two cards, both with the value of ten. It can also refer to any situation where two items or units, each denominated as “ten,” are grouped or considered together.
Examples:
1. In poker, a pair of tens is often a strong starting hand.
2. She found a pair of tens in her wallet, happy to have enough for lunch.
3. The math problem asked how many different ways a pair of tens could be drawn from a deck of cards.
Questions:
Q: What are the chances of drawing a pair of tens from a deck of cards on your first two draws?
A: The chances involve calculating the probability based on the total number of tens in a deck and the total number of cards.
Q: Why might someone be pleased to find a pair of tens in their possession?
A: Someone might be pleased because it signifies having a moderate amount of currency or a potentially strong hand in a card game.
Q: In what games is a pair of tens considered a strong hand?
A: In games like poker, a pair of tens is considered a strong starting hand because it ranks well against many other starting hands.
Farsi: یک جفت ده
یک جفت ده به داشتن دو واحد با ارزش ده اشاره دارد، معمولاً در زمینه‌ی کارت‌ها یا شمارش استفاده می‌شود.
Passion
/ˈpæʃən/ - Noun
Strong and barely controllable emotion.
A powerful feeling of enthusiasm or excitement for something or about doing something. Passion often drives individuals to dedicate themselves fully to their interests, hobbies, or work, leading to profound personal satisfaction and achievements.
Synonyms: Enthusiasm, Ardor, Zeal, Fervor
Opposites: Apathy, Indifference, Disinterest, Detachment
Examples:
1. Her passion for painting is evident in every brushstroke.
2. He pursued his passion for music from a very young age.
3. The chef’s passion for cooking led him to create innovative dishes.
Questions:
Q: How can you discover your passion?
A: You can discover your passion by exploring different activities, reflecting on what brings you joy and fulfillment, and noticing what you spend your time on eagerly.
Q: Why is it important to follow your passion?
A: Following your passion is important because it can lead to greater happiness, fulfillment, and success in life, as you’re more likely to put in the effort and commitment needed to achieve your goals.
Q: Can a person have more than one passion?
A: Yes, a person can have multiple passions, and these can change or evolve over time based on experiences and interests.
Farsi: شور و اشتیاق
شور و اشتیاق به احساس قدرتمند و هیجان انگیزی اشاره دارد که فرد را به پیگیری علاقه‌مندی‌ها، سرگرمی‌ها یا کار خود با تمام وجود وادار می‌سازد، منجر به رضایت شخصی عمیق و دستاوردهایی می‌شود.
Sticking
/ˈstɪkɪŋ/ - Verb (present participle)
Adhering or attaching to a surface, substance, or material, often so firmly that separation is difficult.
The act or process by which an object, substance, or material becomes attached to another surface, often resulting in difficulty in separation. This can occur through natural adhesion, friction, or as a result of some adhesive substances or processes. Sticking can be intentional, as in the use of glue, or unintentional, as when something becomes stuck without desire.
Synonyms: Adhering, Clinging, Attaching, Binding
Opposites: Detaching, Pulling apart, Separating
Examples:
1. The label is sticking to the bottle, making it difficult to remove.
2. Mud was sticking to their shoes after the hike through the wet fields.
3. The pages in the old book were sticking together, making it hard to turn them.
Questions:
Q: Why do things start sticking in the freezer?
A: Things start sticking in the freezer due to the formation of ice crystals which act as an adhesive between surfaces.
Q: How can you prevent stickers from sticking too firmly to surfaces?
A: You can prevent stickers from sticking too firmly by applying a weak solution of soap and water to the surface or by using stickers designed to be easily removable.
Q: What might cause paint to start sticking to a doorframe, even long after it has dried?
A: Paint might start sticking to a doorframe due to humidity, inadequate drying time before closing the door, or the use of an incorrect type of paint for the material of the doorframe.
Farsi: چسبیدن
چسبیدن فرآیندی است که طی آن یک شی، ماده، یا مواد به سطح دیگری متصل می‌شود، غالباً به گونه‌ای که جدا کردن آنها دشوار است. این می‌تواند از طریق چسبندگی طبیعی، اصطکاک، یا به دلیل برخی مواد یا فرآیندهای چسبنده رخ دهد.
Vividly
/ˈvɪvɪdli/ - Adverb
In a way that produces powerful feelings or strong, clear images in the mind.
Pertains to describing something with great clarity, intensity, or in a manner that is so clear and detailed it almost seems real enough to touch. Vividly can refer to the intensity of memories, descriptions, dreams, or colors, making them appear bright, distinct, and very much alive in the mind’s eye.
Synonyms: Clearly, Distinctly, Brightly, Intensely
Opposites: Dimly, Faintly, Obscurely
Examples:
1. She remembered vividly the first time she saw the ocean, the waves crashing against the shore.
2. The author described the scene so vividly that readers could picture themselves in the middle of the action.
3. He could recall the events of that day vividly, as if they had happened just moments ago.
Questions:
Q: How can vividly describing a scene benefit a story?
A: Vividly describing a scene can immerse the reader, making the story more engaging and the settings and characters more lifelike and memorable.
Q: What techniques can be used to remember events more vividly?
A: Techniques such as focusing on sensory details, practicing mindfulness, and making emotional connections can help one remember events more vividly.
Q: Can dreams be recalled vividly?
A: Yes, some dreams can be recalled vividly, especially if they are particularly intense, emotional, or if the person practices dream recall techniques.
Farsi: به طور زنده
به طور زنده به شکلی اشاره دارد که احساسات قدرتمندی ایجاد کند یا تصاویر روشن و قوی را در ذهن تداعی کند، به گونه‌ای که جزئیات به طور واضح و دقیقی تقریبا واقعی به نظر رسند.
Dumb
/dʌm/ - Adjective
- Unable to speak; lacking the power of speech.
- Informally, often considered offensive: lacking intelligence or good judgment; stupid.
Originally, “dumb” referred to someone who was physically incapable of speaking. Over time, the term has evolved and is frequently used informally to describe actions or behaviors that are perceived as lacking intelligence or thoughtfulness. It’s important to note that using “dumb” to describe a person or their actions can be seen as derogatory or insensitive, especially in contexts where the intent is to criticize someone’s intelligence.
Synonyms: Stupid, Unintelligent, Foolish, Ignorant
Opposites: Smart, Intelligent, Bright
Examples:
1. In historical contexts, individuals who were deaf and dumb were often unable to communicate through traditional spoken language.
2. Calling a decision dumb may imply it was made without proper consideration of the consequences.
3. The movie’s plot was criticized for being too simple and dumb.
Questions:
Q: Why is it considered insensitive to call someone dumb based on their actions or decisions?
A: It’s considered insensitive because it dismisses the person’s intelligence or capabilities and can undermine their self-esteem, besides not being a constructive form of criticism.
Q: What are more respectful ways to express disagreement with someone’s opinion or decision?
A: More respectful ways include focusing on the decision itself rather than personal attributes, offering constructive feedback, and using language that expresses disagreement without resorting to insults.
Q: How has the meaning of the word “dumb” evolved over time?
A: The meaning of “dumb” has evolved from specifically referring to the inability to speak to more broadly denoting a lack of intelligence or thoughtfulness in actions, though its use in the latter sense is often discouraged due to its potential to offend.
Farsi: گنگ / احمق
گنگ در اصل به کسی اشاره داشت که قادر به صحبت کردن نیست. در زمان‌های مدرن، اغلب به صورت غیررسمی و به عنوان توهین برای توصیف کمبود هوش یا قضاوت خوب استفاده می‌شود.
Measure
/ˈmɛʒər/ - Verb and Noun
Verb: To ascertain the size, amount, or degree of something by using an instrument or device marked in standard units or by comparing it with an object of known size.
Noun: A plan or course of action taken to achieve a particular purpose; a unit or standard of measurement.
As a verb, “measure” involves determining the dimensions, capacity, or quantity of something using tools like rulers, scales, or measuring tapes, or by comparison to standards or units such as meters, liters, or kilograms. As a noun, it can refer to an action taken with the intent to achieve something, such as a law passed by government to address an issue, or it can refer to the unit used in the process of measuring.
Synonyms: Criterion, Standard, Gauge, Scale
Opposites: Contraries, Antonyms, Contrasts
Examples:
1. They used a tape measure to find the length of the room. (Verb)
2. The government introduced new measures to improve public health. (Noun)
3. He poured the milk using a measuring cup to ensure the right amount. (Verb)
4. Temperature is often measured in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. (Verb)
5. A meter is a measure of length in the metric system. (Noun)
Questions:
Q: How do you measure success in a project?
A: Success in a project can be measured by criteria such as completion within deadlines, staying within budget, achieving the set objectives, and the level of satisfaction among stakeholders.
Q: What measure can be taken to reduce pollution?
A: Measures to reduce pollution may include implementing stricter emissions regulations, promoting renewable energy sources, encouraging public transportation, and raising awareness about environmental conservation.
Q: Why is it important to measure ingredients accurately in baking?
A: Accurate measurement of ingredients is crucial in baking because the correct ratios are essential for the chemical reactions that occur, affecting the texture, flavor, and appearance of the baked goods.
Farsi: اندازه‌گیری
اندازه‌گیری فرآیند تعیین ابعاد، ظرفیت، یا مقدار چیزی با استفاده از ابزارهایی مانند خط‌کش، ترازو، یا نوار اندازه‌گیری، یا از طریق مقایسه با استانداردها یا واحدهایی مانند متر، لیتر، یا کیلوگرم است.
Slime
/slaɪm/ - Noun
A thick, slippery liquid or semi-liquid substance typically produced by or resembling that produced by living organisms.
Slime is a viscous, often sticky substance that can be natural or synthetic. In nature, slime is produced by various organisms such as snails, slugs, and certain types of fish as a means of protection, lubrication, or movement. In a more modern context, slime has also become popular as a toy material, known for its unique tactile properties, often made from a mixture of household ingredients like glue, water, and a borax solution.
Synonyms: Mucus, Goo, Sludge, Gunk
Opposites: Clean, Dry, Solid
Examples:
1. The trail of slime left by the snail was visible on the sidewalk.
2. Kids love playing with colorful slime, which can be stretched, squeezed, and molded.
3. Certain algae blooms can produce a thick layer of slime on the surface of water bodies, affecting water quality.
Questions:
Q: What purpose does slime serve for snails and slugs?
A: Slime serves multiple purposes for snails and slugs, including moisture retention, movement facilitation by reducing friction, and protection from predators and bacteria.
Q: How can you make homemade slime?
A: Homemade slime can be made by mixing a solution of water and borax with glue and food coloring, adjusting the amounts to achieve the desired consistency and color.
Q: Why might some people find playing with slime to be therapeutic?
A: Playing with slime can be therapeutic because its tactile nature can help reduce stress and anxiety, offering a sensory experience that distracts from worries and promotes relaxation.
Farsi: لجن
لجن ماده‌ای لزج و غالباً چسبناک است که می‌تواند طبیعی یا مصنوعی باشد. در طبیعت، لجن توسط موجودات مختلفی مانند حلزون‌ها، شکم‌پایان و برخی از انواع ماهی‌ها به منظور محافظت، روان‌کاری یا حرکت تولید می‌شود.
