1) Materials And Their Applications Flashcards
Mechanical properties
How a material reacts to an external force
Compressive strength =
The ability to withstand being crushed or shortened by pushing forces
Tensile strength =
The ability to resist Stretching or pulling forces
Bending strength
The ability to resist forces that may bend the material
Sheer strength
The ability to resist sliding forces on a parallel plane
Torsional strength
The ability to withstand twisting forces from applied torque or torsion
Hardness
The ability to resist abrasive wear such as scratching, surface indentation or cutting
Toughness
The ability to absorb impact force without fracture
Plasticity
The ability to be permanently deformed and retain the deformed shape
Ductility
The ability to be drawn out under tension reducing the cross-sectional area without cracking for example stretching material into a wire
Malleability
The ability to withstand defamation by compression without cracking. malleability increases with a rise in temperature
Physical properties
Associated with the actual make up or structure of the material
Density
The mass of the material in a standard volume of space
Fusibility
The ability of the material to be fused or converted from a solid to a liquid state usually by heat
Magnetism
The natural force between objects that causes the material to attract iron or steels
Corrosion/degradation resistance
The ability of the material to withstand environmental attack and decay
Electrical conductor
Allows the flow of electrical current through the material. The opposite is an electrical insulator
Thermal conductor
Allows the transfer of heat energy food and material. The opposite is a thermal insulator
Thermal expansion
The increase in material volume in response to heat input
Opaque
Prevents light from travelling through
Translucent
Allows light food but defuses to light so that objects appear blurred e.g. frosted glass
Transparent
Allows light to pass through fully
Elasticity
The ability to be deformed and then return to the original shape when the force is removed
