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BACT LAB MIDTERMS > 1: Laboratory Safety > Flashcards

1: Laboratory Safety Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 Safety Risks?

A
  1. Biological Hazard (Biohazard)
  2. Fire Hazard
  3. Chemical Hazard
  4. Electrical Hazard
  5. Radioactive Hazard
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2
Q

Agencies that compiled GUIDELINES to ensure safety in clinical laboratory

A
  • OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)
  • CDC (Centers for Disease and Control)
  • CAP (College of American Pathology)
  • JC ( Joint Commission)
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3
Q

Who published the Standards for Blood-borne Pathogens in the Federal Registry in 1991

A

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

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4
Q

What did OSHA published in the Federal Registry in 1991 and are updated periodically

A

Standards for Blood-borne Pathogens

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5
Q

5 Infection Routes

A
  1. Airborne
  2. Ingestion
  3. Direct Inoculation
  4. Mucous Membrane Contact
  5. Arthropod Vectors
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6
Q
  • Centrifugation of unstoppered tubes
  • Heating cultures or specimens too rapidly
  • Removing stoppers from tubes
  • Leakage from a container that holds contaminated specimens
A

Airborne

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7
Q

Failure to wash hands or eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics, or pipetting with the mouth

A

Ingestion

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8
Q

Needle sticks, broken glass, animal bites, or small scratches on the fingers

A

Direct Inoculation

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9
Q

Conjunctiva of the eye

A

Mucous Membrane Contact

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10
Q

Ticks, fleas, and mosquitoes

A

Arthropod Vectors

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11
Q
  • Applicable to all types of Hazards
  • By law, it is required for companies to have this
A

Exposure Control Plan

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12
Q

It describes the risk of exposure to infectious agents for all job classifications and explains exposure-reduction methods.

A

Exposure Control Plan

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13
Q

6 Procedures and Documentations of ECP

A
  1. Safety Education
  2. Universal Precautions and Standard Precautions
  3. Engineering Controls
  4. Personal Protective Equipment
  5. Disposal of Hazardous Waste
  6. Post-exposure Procedures
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14
Q

Develop program, orientation of laboratory employees, preparation of a laboratory safety manual, and the development and implementation of the exposure plan

A

Laboratory Safety Officer

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15
Q

Orientation of new employees and continuing education for current employees regarding laboratory safe policies

A

Safety Education

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16
Q

All safety must be?

A

Documented

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17
Q

Information about safety education may be compiled within a?

A

Safety Manual

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18
Q

Readily available to all individuals in the laboratory setting

A

Safety Manual

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19
Q

When is Safety Manual reviewed and revised?

A

Periodically, as needed

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20
Q

Universal Precautions is introduced by who in what year?

A

CDC, 1987

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21
Q

Recommendations that describe the handling of clinical specimens by health care personnel

A

Universal Precautions

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22
Q

According to ____, Universal Precautions is a set of preventive measures designed to reduce risk of transferring HIV, Hepatitis B virus, and other bloodborne pathogens in the healthcare setting

A

CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute)

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23
Q

This apply to human blood and other body fluids that contain VISIBLE BLOOD

A

Universal Precautions

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24
Q

What precautions is it called if the body fluids like feces, nasal secretions, saliva, sputum, urine and vomit contains visible blood

A

Universal Precautions

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25
Q

A set of preventive measures applied to all patients that are designed to reduce risk of infection in healthcare setting

A

Standard Precautions

26
Q

In this precautions, all blood, tissue, body fluids, secretions, and excretions (except sweat) are considered potentially infectious

A

Standard Precautions

27
Q

if the body fluids contain NO VISIBLE BLOOD, is it considered as Universal Precautions or Standard Precautions?

A

Standard Precautions

28
Q

What is the basic premise of Standard Precautions?

A

Because the infectivity of any patient’s blood and body fluids cannot be known, patient blood and body fluid specimens must be treated as if they are potentially infectious.

29
Q

2 puncture resistant biohazard containers

A
  1. Sharps Container
  2. Safety Puncture Box
30
Q

Where should you dispose tubes and barrels?

A

Safety Puncture Box

31
Q

Where should you dispose needles and glasses?

A

Sharps Container

32
Q

Who created the Engineering Controls?

A

CDC (Centers for Disease and Control)

33
Q

Who created the Exposure Control Plan?

A

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

34
Q

This is needed to protect employees from the hazards

A

Engineering Controls

35
Q

All laboratories must adhere to a minimum of what level of biosafety guidelines?

A

Biosafety Level 2 Guidelines

36
Q

What are the biosafety categories of CDC?

A
  • BSL 1
  • BSL 2
  • BSL 3
  • BSL 4
37
Q

No known pathogenic potential for immunocompetent individuals [NO THREAT]

A

Biosafety Level 1 (BSL 1)

38
Q

Most undergraduate laboratory courses operate under what level of biosafety level precautions?

A

BSL 1

39
Q

What are some examples of microorganisms that belong in Biosafety Level 1?

A
  • Bacillus subtilis
  • Staphylococcus epidermis and saprophyticus
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Neisseria sicca
  • Proteus vulgaris
  • Micrococcus luteus
  • Enterococcus faecalis
  • Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum
  • Bacillus cereus
  • Alcaligenes faecalis
  • Achromobacter denitrificans
40
Q

Level 1 practices + lab coats, protective gloves, limited access, decontamination of all infectious waste, and biohazard signs [MODERATE THREAT]

A

BSL 2

41
Q

What are some examples of microorganisms that belong in Biosafety Level 2?

A
  • HIV
  • HBV
  • Salmonella spp.
  • Shigella spp.
  • Staphylococcus aureus
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae and pyogenes
  • Mycobacterium phlei
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae
  • Escherichia coli
  • Enterobacter aerogenes
42
Q

Level 2 procedures + special laboratory, clothing and controlled access [SERIOUS THREAT]

A

BSL 3

43
Q

In this Biosafety Level, air movement must be carefully controlled to contain infectious materials

A

BSL 3

44
Q

What are some examples of microorganisms that belong in Biosafety Level 3?

A
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
  • Brucella spp.
  • Coccidioides immitis
  • Rickettsia spp.
  • Arbovirus
  • Yersinia pestis
  • Chlamydia trachomatis
45
Q

Level 3 practices + entrance through separate room with laboratory clothing [LETHAL RISK]

A

BSL 4

46
Q

What are some examples of microorganisms that belong in Biosafety Level 4?

A
  • Filovirus
  • Arenavirus
  • Ebola virus
  • Lassa virus
  • Marburg virus
  • Herpesvirus simiae
47
Q

Hazardous areas should be identified and labeled using?

A

Biohazard label

48
Q

Can the air be recirculated after it passes through the microbiology laboratory? Yes or No

A

No

49
Q

Air in the laboratory should move from areas of?

A

Low risk to high risk

50
Q

Procedures known to create aerosols must be performed in?

A

Biosafety Cabinet

51
Q

It is a filter that removes particles larger than 0.3 mm

A

HEPA filter

52
Q

What is the meaning of HEPA filter?

A

High-Efficiency Particulate Air

53
Q

Through the sterilization by either heat, UV light, or passage of air through HEPA filter

A

Biosafety Cabinet

54
Q

Provide effective partial containment for procedures involving moderate and high-risk microorganisms (BSL 2 & 3 agents)

A

BSC Class I & II

55
Q

Open-fronted, negative pressure, ventilated cabinets

A

BSC Class I

56
Q

Unsterilized room air enters and circulates within the cabinet, and the exhaust air from the cabinet is filtered by a HEPA filter

A

BSC Class I

57
Q

What is the other name for BSC Class II?

A

Vertical laminar flow biocabinet

58
Q

It sterilize both air entering and circulating within the cabinet and exhaust air (has 2 filters)

A

BSC Class II

59
Q

Open-fronted, ventilated cabinets and have HEPA filtered, recirculated airflow within the workspace

A

BSC Class II

60
Q

Trap articulate and infectious agents, but do not trap volatile chemicals and gases

A

HEPA filters

BACT LAB MIDTERMS (1 decks)

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