1. Kinetic theory and Ideal gases

Question 1

Assumptions for ideal gases

Answer 1

1. A random distribution of energy between particles
2. The particles behave as perfectly elastic spheres
3. The volume of each molecule is negligible compared to the volume of the container
4. There are no intermolecular forces

Question 2

Pressure equation

Answer 2

pressure = force / area

Question 3

total mass of a gas equation

Answer 3

number of moles x molar mass (Nm)

Question 4

Density equation

Answer 4

mass / volume

Question 5

Pressure of a gas equation

Answer 5

1/3 x NM/v x c²
1/3 x density x c²

Question 6

rms speed

Answer 6

root mean square speed

Question 7

number of moles equation

Answer 7

number in room / avagadros constant

total mass / molar mass

Question 8

molar mass

Answer 8

relative molecular mass / 1000

Question 9

Unit of temperature

Answer 9

Kelvin = +273 *C

Question 10

Boyles law

Answer 10

pressure is equal to the inverse of volume when temperature is constant

Question 11

Charles law

Answer 11

volume is proportional to temperature for a fixed mass and constant pressure

Question 12

Pressure law or Gay -lussac Law

Answer 12

Pressure is directly proportional to temperature for a constant volume

Question 13

Ideal gas equation

Answer 13

pV = nRT

Question 14

Changes in gas equations

Answer 14

p1V1 / n1T1 = p2V2 / n2T2

Question 15

Total energy in a gas

Answer 15

1.5 x n x R x T (R= 8.31)
or
1.5 x n x k x T (k= 1.38x10^-23)

Question 16

internal energy definition

Answer 16

the combination of both kinetic energy of all of the particles and all the potential energy of particles

Question 17

Temperature defintion

Answer 17

measure of the average kinetic energy of all the particles in a substance

Question 17

Heat defintion

Answer 17

the energy transferred from a hot object to a cold object

Question 18

zeroth law of thermo

Answer 18

if two systems are in equilibrium with a third system then they are all in equilibrium with each other

Question 19

first law of thermo

Answer 19

the change in the internal energy of a system is equal to the heat supplied to the system minus the work done to the system

Question 20

first law equation

Answer 20

change in U = Q - W

Question 21

work done by a gas equation

Answer 21

W = pressure x change in volume

Question 22

if change in volume is positive …

Answer 22

the gas is expanding and doing work
Work is done by the gas itself

Question 23

if change in volume is negative …

Answer 23

the gas is contracting and work is being done to it

Question 24

when Q is positive

Answer 24

heat flows into the system

Question 25

when Q is negative

Answer 25

heat flows out of the system

Question 26

what is the area under a pressure volume graph

Answer 26

work done

Question 27

when volume increases and pressure is constant

Answer 27

temperature must also increase as work is done by the gas

Question 28

when pressure decrease and volume is constant

Answer 28

work done = 0
temperature decreased

Question 29

when volume decreases and pressure is constant

Answer 29

work is done on the gas
temperature decreases

Question 30

When pressure increases and volume is constant

Answer 30

Work done = 0
temperature must increase

Question 31

if the thermodynamic cycle is closed then…

Answer 31

the change in internal energy = 0
so net work done = net heat flow

Question 32

Definition of a gas

Answer 32

The state of a substance which expands to fill any volume

Question 33

What are the steps to derive the ideal gas law equation

Answer 33

Calculate:
1. Momentum
2. Time
3. Force
4. Pressure
5. Mean square speed

Question 34

Favourite icecream

Answer 34

Choc
Vanilla
Straw
Cookies n cream
Mint