1 Jung Flashcards
What is the assumption of Analytical Psychology regarding occult phenomena?
Occult phenomena can and do influence the lives of everyone.
What motivates individuals according to Jungian theory?
Individuals are motivated by repressed experiences and emotionally toned experiences inherited from ancestors.
Define the term ‘collective unconscious’ as per Jung.
Inherited images that have never been individually experienced but come down from ancestors.
What does Jung’s theory represent?
A compendium of opposites.
What are the dual characteristics of people according to Jung?
People are both introverted and extraverted; rational and irrational; male and female; conscious and unconscious.
What are the two levels of the psyche mentioned in Jung’s theory?
The conscious and the unconscious level.
What is the most important portion of the unconscious according to Jung?
The collective unconscious, which springs from the distant past of human existence.
What is the role of the ego in Jungian psychology?
The ego is the center of consciousness but not the core of personality.
What happens when there is an overemphasis on expanding one’s conscious psyche?
It can lead to psychological imbalance.
What is the personal unconscious?
It embraces all repressed, forgotten, or subliminally perceived experiences of an individual.
What types of memories does the personal unconscious contain?
Repressed infantile memories, forgotten events, and experiences originally perceived below the threshold of consciousness.
What are complexes in Jungian theory?
Contents of the personal unconscious that are emotionally toned conglomerations of associated ideas.
What are archetypes according to Jung?
Ancient or archaic images that derive from the collective unconscious.
Fill in the blank: The ego must be completed by the more comprehensive _______.
[self]
True or False: Consciousness plays a dominant role in analytical psychology.
False
What is necessary for psychological health according to Jung?
Being in contact with the conscious world while experiencing the unconscious self.
What are conscious images?
Conscious images are sensed by the ego.
What are unconscious elements?
Unconscious elements have no relationship with the ego.
What can trigger an emotional response that blocks thought flow?
A person’s mother or even the word ‘mother’ can trigger such an emotional response.
What is the collective unconscious?
The collective unconscious has roots in the ancestral past of the entire species.
How are physical contents of the collective unconscious inherited?
Physical contents are inherited and pass from one generation to the next as psychic potential.
Are the contents of the collective unconscious the same for all cultures?
Yes, the contents are more or less the same for people in all cultures.
How do the contents of the collective unconscious influence individuals?
They are active and influence a person’s thoughts, emotions, and actions.
What does the collective unconscious produce?
It is responsible for myths, legends, religious beliefs, and ‘big dreams’ filled with significance.
What is the difference between inherited ideas and biological responses?
The collective unconscious refers to innate tendencies to react biologically to experiences.
Can you give an example of a biological response?
A young mother may react with love and tenderness to her newborn despite previous feelings toward the fetus.
This illustrates inherited predispositions to act in certain ways.
What is the persona?
The persona is the side of personality that people show to the world.
What does the term ‘persona’ derive from?
It derives from the mask worn by actors in early theater.
What is the personal unconscious?
The personal unconscious is an emotionally toned conglomeration of associated ideas.
What are archetypes?
Archetypes are ancient images that derive from the collective unconscious.
How are archetypes characterized?
They are emotionally toned collections of associated images that are generalized.
What is the biological basis of archetypes?
Archetypes have a biological basis but originate from the repeated experiences of early ancestors.
How do archetypes express themselves?
They express themselves through dreams, fantasies, and delusions.
What is an instinct?
An instinct is an unconscious physical impulse toward action.
What is the main source of archetypal material?
Dreams are the main source of archetypal material.
What evidence supports the existence of archetypes?
Dreams produce motifs that could not have been known to the dreamer through personal experience.
What do motifs in dreams often coincide with?
Motifs often coincide with those known to ancient people or contemporary aboriginal tribes.
What did Jung emphasize in his work?
Jung placed primary emphasis on the collective unconscious and used personal experiences to round out personality.
What are archetypes according to Jung?
Archetypes are autonomous forces with their own life and personality.
What challenge do men face in understanding their anima?
Few men become well acquainted with their anima, which is often more difficult to understand.
What must men do to master their projections?
Men must overcome intellectual barriers and delve into their unconscious to realize the feminine.
What is the relationship between love and tenderness towards a newborn and previous feelings toward the fetus?
A mother can feel love and tenderness for her newborn even if she previously had negative or neutral feelings toward the fetus.
What is the persona in Jungian psychology?
The persona is the side of personality that people show to the world, akin to a mask worn by actors in early theater.
What happens if we over-identify with our persona?
If we over-identify with our persona, we lose touch with our inner self and become dependent on society’s expectations.
What is necessary for psychological health according to Jung?
To be psychologically healthy, we must strike a balance between the demands of society and our true selves.
What is the shadow archetype?
The shadow is the archetype of darkness and repression, representing qualities we do not wish to acknowledge.
What is required to achieve wholeness regarding the shadow?
To be whole, we must strive to know our shadow, which is our first test of courage.
What is the anima in Jungian psychology?
The anima represents the feminine side of the psyche in men and is associated with irrational moods and feelings.
What is the animus?
The animus is the masculine archetype in women, symbolic of thinking and reasoning.
How does the animus influence women?
The animus can influence a woman’s thinking, but it does not actually belong to her; it originates from the collective unconscious.
What risk does a woman face in female-male relationships regarding the animus?
In every female-male relationship, a woman risks projecting her ancestors’ experiences with men onto the unsuspecting man.
What psychological concept suggests that all humans possess both masculine and feminine sides?
All humans are psychologically bisexual.
What are the two opposing forces associated with the Great Mother archetype?
Fertility and nourishment, and power and destruction.
What does the Great Mother symbolize in terms of fertility?
She is capable of producing and sustaining life, symbolized by a tree, garden, plowed field, sea, heaven, home, country, church, and hollow objects such as ovens and cooking utensils.
What negative aspect is associated with the Great Mother archetype?
She may also devour or neglect her offspring.
What does the combination of fertility and power in the Great Mother represent?
The concept of rebirth.
What processes represent rebirth in the context of the Great Mother?
Reincarnation, baptism, resurrection, and individuation or self-realization.
What does the Wise Old Man archetype symbolize?
Wisdom and meaning, representing humans’ preexisting knowledge of the mysteries of life.
How is the Wise Old Man archetype often personified in dreams?
As a father, grandfather, teacher, philosopher, guru, doctor, or priest.
What danger does pseudo knowledge from powerful prophets pose to society?
People may mistake nonsense for real wisdom.
What is the Hero archetype represented as in mythology?
A powerful person, sometimes part god, who fights against great odds to conquer evil.
What is the ideal personality model according to the Hero archetype?
An immortal person with no weakness.
What does the Self archetype represent?
An innate disposition toward growth, perfection, and completion.
Why is the Self considered the archetype of archetypes?
Because it pulls together the other archetypes and unites them in the process of self-realization.
What components does the Self archetype possess?
Conscious and personal unconscious components, mostly formed by collective unconscious images.
What does the Wise Old Man archetype symbolize?
It symbolizes wisdom and meaning, representing humans’ preexisting knowledge of the mysteries of life.
How does the self relate to the conscious and unconscious mind?
The self includes both the conscious and unconscious mind, uniting opposing elements of the psyche.
What is the mandala a symbol of?
The mandala represents the self’s ultimate symbol, striving for unity, balance, and wholeness.
What does complete self-realization entail?
It involves overcoming fear of the unconscious, preventing the persona from dominating, recognizing the shadow, and facing the anima or animus.
What are the two components of the self?
The self possesses conscious and personal unconscious components, primarily formed by collective unconscious images.
What is the difference between causality and teleology?
Causality refers to present events originating from past experiences, while teleology involves present events motivated by future goals.
What is progression in the context of self-realization?
Progression is the adaptation to the outside world involving the forward flow of psychic energy.
What is regression in psychological terms?
Regression relies on a backward flow of psychic energy, representing a backward step in achieving a goal.
What are the basic attitudes in psychological types?
They grow out of a union of introversion and extraversion.
What are the separate functions in psychological types?
The separate functions are thinking, feeling, sensing, and intuiting.
What does the Wise Old Man archetype symbolize?
It symbolizes wisdom and meaning, representing humans’ preexisting knowledge of the mysteries of life.
How does the self relate to the conscious and unconscious mind?
The self includes both the conscious and unconscious mind, uniting opposing elements of the psyche.
What is the mandala a symbol of?
The mandala represents the self’s ultimate symbol, striving for unity, balance, and wholeness.
What does complete self-realization entail?
It involves overcoming fear of the unconscious, preventing the persona from dominating, recognizing the shadow, and facing the anima or animus.
What are the two components of the self?
The self possesses conscious and personal unconscious components, primarily formed by collective unconscious images.
What is the difference between causality and teleology?
Causality refers to present events originating from past experiences, while teleology involves present events motivated by future goals.
What is progression in the context of self-realization?
Progression is the adaptation to the outside world involving the forward flow of psychic energy.
What is regression in psychological terms?
Regression relies on a backward flow of psychic energy, representing a backward step in achieving a goal.
What are the basic attitudes in psychological types?
They grow out of a union of introversion and extraversion.
What are the separate functions in psychological types?
The separate functions are thinking, feeling, sensing, and intuiting.
What is animus?
Attitudes predispose a person to act or react in a characteristic direction.
What attitudes does each person have?
Each person has both an introverted and an extraverted attitude, although one may be conscious while the other is unconscious.
What characterizes psychologically healthy people regarding attitudes?
Psychologically healthy people attain a balance of introverted and extraverted attitudes, feeling equally comfortable with their internal and external worlds.
How did Jung view Freud’s theory?
Jung held that Freud’s theory was extraverted because it reduced experiences to the external world of sex and aggression.
How did Adler’s theory differ from Freud’s?
Adler’s theory was introverted because it emphasized fictions and subjective perceptions.
What is introversion?
Introversion is the turning inward of psychic energy with an orientation toward the subjective.
How do introverts perceive the external world?
Introverts perceive the external world selectively and with their own subjective view.
What is extraversion?
Extraversion is the turning outward of psychic energy so that a person is oriented toward the objective and away from the subjective.
How do introversion and extraversion combine with functions?
Both can combine with any one or more of four functions, forming eight possible orientations or types.
What does self-realization or individuation involve?
A person who has theoretically achieved self-realization or individuation would have all four functions highly developed.
What are the four functions?
The four functions are thinking, feeling, sensing, and intuiting.
What is sensing?
Sensing tells people that something exists and reacts to the external world in a highly subjective and creative manner.
What is sensation?
Sensation receives physical stimuli and transmits them to perceptual consciousness.
What is extraverted sensing?
Extraverted sensing perceives external stimuli objectively, in much the same way that these stimuli exist in reality.
What is introverted sensing?
Introverted sensing is influenced by subjective sensations of sight, sound, taste, and touch.
Portrait artists, especially those whose paintings are extremely personalized, rely on this.
What is thinking?
Thinking enables recognition of meaning and involves logical intellectual activity that produces a chain of ideas.
What is extraverted thinking?
Extraverted thinking relies heavily on concrete thoughts but may also use abstract ideas if these ideas have been transmitted to them.
What is introverted thinking?
Introverted thinking reacts to external stimuli, but their interpretation of an event is colored more by the internal meaning they bring with them than by the objective facts.
Inventors and philosophers are often introverted thinking types because they perceive beyond the workings of consciousness.
What is Sensing?
Sensing tells individuals to react to the external world in a highly subjective and creative manner, interpreting old data in new ways.
What does Feeling evaluate?
Feeling describes the process of evaluating an idea or event, determining its value or worth.
What is the nature of evaluations in Feeling?
Evaluations in Feeling have no emotional content but can become emotions if their intensity increases enough to stimulate physiological changes.
What is the relationship between Emotions and the four functions?
Emotions are not limited to feelings; any of the four functions can lead to emotion when their strength is increased.
What characterizes Extraverted Feeling?
Extraverted Feeling uses objective data to make evaluations, guided by widely accepted standards of judgment.
What are the social traits of Extraverted Feeling individuals?
They are at ease in social situations and are well liked for their sociability, but may appear artificial or shallow in their quest to conform.
What is the focus of Introverted Feeling?
Introverted Feeling bases value judgments primarily on subjective perceptions rather than objective facts.
What is a characteristic of Introverted Feeling individuals?
They often ignore traditional opinions and beliefs, causing discomfort in those around them.
What does Intuition allow individuals to do?
Intuition enables individuals to know about something without knowing how they know.
What does the Evening sun symbolize in stages of development?
The Evening sun symbolizes old age, where consciousness is markedly dimmed.
How is childhood represented in the stages of development?
Childhood is represented by the Early morning sun, full of potential but lacking brilliance.
What does the Morning sun represent?
The Morning sun represents youth, climbing toward the zenith but unaware of the impending decline.
What does the Early afternoon sun signify?
The Early afternoon sun signifies middle life, marked by increased activity and growing consciousness.
What is the focus of Extraverted Intuitive individuals?
Extraverted Intuitive individuals are oriented toward facts in the external world and may suppress sensations to focus on hunches.
What characterizes Introverted Intuitive individuals?
Introverted Intuitive individuals are guided by subjective perceptions of facts that may not resemble external reality.
What types of individuals might be considered Introverted Intuitive?
Examples include mystics, prophets, surrealistic artists, or religious fanatics.
What does Feeling evaluate?
Feeling describes the process of evaluating an idea or event, determining its value or worth.
What is the nature of evaluations in Feeling?
Evaluations in Feeling have no emotional content but can become emotions if their intensity increases enough to stimulate physiological changes.
What is the relationship between Emotions and the four functions?
Emotions are not limited to feelings; any of the four functions can lead to emotion when their strength is increased.
What characterizes Extraverted Feeling?
Extraverted Feeling uses objective data to make evaluations, guided by widely accepted standards of judgment.
What are the social traits of Extraverted Feeling individuals?
They are at ease in social situations and are well liked for their sociability, but may appear artificial or shallow in their quest to conform.
What is the focus of Introverted Feeling?
Introverted Feeling bases value judgments primarily on subjective perceptions rather than objective facts.
What is a characteristic of Introverted Feeling individuals?
They often ignore traditional opinions and beliefs, causing discomfort in those around them.
What does Intuition allow individuals to do?
Intuition enables individuals to know about something without knowing how they know.
What does the Evening sun symbolize in stages of development?
The Evening sun symbolizes old age, where consciousness is markedly dimmed.
How is childhood represented in the stages of development?
Childhood is represented by the Early morning sun, full of potential but lacking brilliance.
What does the Morning sun represent?
The Morning sun represents youth, climbing toward the zenith but unaware of the impending decline.
What does the Early afternoon sun signify?
The Early afternoon sun signifies middle life, marked by increased activity and growing consciousness.
What is the focus of Extraverted Intuitive individuals?
Extraverted Intuitive individuals are oriented toward facts in the external world and may suppress sensations to focus on hunches.
What characterizes Introverted Intuitive individuals?
Introverted Intuitive individuals are guided by subjective perceptions of facts that may not resemble external reality.
What types of individuals might be considered Introverted Intuitive?
Examples include mystics, prophets, surrealistic artists, or religious fanatics.
