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Web Application and Services > 1. Introduction to Web Applications > Flashcards

1. Introduction to Web Applications Flashcards

1
Q

What is a web application?

A

A system using web page functionalities on front end and implements server programs in the back-end e.g Amazon, StudyDirect, Facebook, Twitter, Dropbox

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2
Q

In web applications, where is this back-end information stored?

A

Data centers

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3
Q

Why use Java Enterprise Edition?

A

Provides standardization of the services needed to build web applications.

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4
Q

What is a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)?

A

A compact sequence of characters that identifies an abstract or physical resource

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5
Q

What is a URL (Uniform Resource Locator)?

A

A URI that provides details of the location.

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6
Q

What is HTTP?

A

A stateless, request-response protocol. Application layer protocol running on top of TCP.

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7
Q

What is a web page?

A

A web page consists of objects such as an HTML file, images, JavaScript files, Java applet, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) etc

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8
Q

Describe the client/server model.

A

Client: requests, receives and displays web objects
Server: sends objects in response to requests (uses HTTP protocol)

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9
Q

What is a persistent connection?

A

Ability to send and receive multiple HTTP requests/responses over a single TCP connection.

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10
Q

What is the GET method?

A

Returns data corresponding to the URI

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11
Q

What is the POST method?

A

Sends data to a server.

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12
Q

What is the PUT method?

A

Transfers data to be stored under the URI.

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13
Q

What is the DELETE method?

A

DELETE removes the specified URI

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14
Q

What is the HEAD method?

A

HEAD returns the headers that would come with GET, but no body

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15
Q

Name the status codes 1XX to 5XX.

A 
1XX - informational 
2XX - successful
3XX - additional action to complete the request
4XX - bad requests
5XX - server errors
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16
Q

What is a stateless protocol?

A

A stateless protocol does not retain past session information.

17
Q

Why is HTTP a stateless protocol?

A

Because each command is executed independently, without any knowledge of the commands that came before.

18
Q

What is a cookie?

A

A piece of data written by the server that accompanies each client request to the server.

19
Q

What are the four components of a cookie?

A
  1. HTTP response
  2. HTTP request
  3. A file on the user’s machine associating a cookie with the URI from which it was set
  4. An application on the server which can read and write the cookie
20
Q

What is content distribution in networks?

A

A content delivery network or content distribution network is a geographically distributed network of proxy servers and their data centers.

21
Q

What is DNS redirection?

A

DNS redirection was the controversial practice of serving a Web page to a user that is different from either the one requested or one that might reasonably be expected.

22
Q

Name 3 URI schemes

A

1 HTTP
2 FTP
3 MAILTO

23
Q

What is a non-persistent connection?

A

Allows only one object to be sent over TCP connection

24
Q

Name 2 safe HTTP requests

A

GET

HEAD

25
Q

What are cookies used for in regards to HTTP?

A

To extend HTTP functionality and build state.

26
Q

What is a process?

A

Programs that are running within the host

27
Q

Whats the difference between User Space and Kernel Space?

A

User Space is restricted and Kernel Space can do what it wants.

28
Q

Where does TCP code operate?

A

In the Kernel Space

29
Q

What is Apache HTTPD?

A

Open source Web server that is designed to be

30
Q

Whats the Apache Portable Runtime (APR)?

A

A supporting library for Apache consisting of a set of APIs that map to the underlying operating system.

31
Q

What’s the Multi-Processing Module

(MPM)?

A

The interface between the Apache server and the underlying operating system.

32
Q

What is a Servlet?

A

Java interface that standardises request/response protocol implementations.

33
Q

Name 3 Servlets

A
  • HTTP Servlets
  • Faces Servlets
  • Generic Servlets
34
Q

What are the 3 Tier Architectures?

A

1- Presentation
2- Business Logic Tier
3- Data Tier

35
Q

What is Middleware?

A

A piece of software that sits on top of other software e.g. J2EE

36
Q

What is the MVC Design Pattern?

A

A software pattern that is used when developing applications (and web applications)

Web Application and Services (3 decks)

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