1. Introduction To Perception

Question 1

Absolute threshold

Answer 1

The minimum stimulus energy necessary for an observer to detect a stimulus

Question 2

Action

Answer 2

Includes motor activities such as moving the head or the eyes and locamoting through the environment

Question 3

Bottom up processing (data-based)

Answer 3

Processing in which a person constructs a perception by analysing the info falling on receptors

Question 4

Classic psychophysical methods

Answer 4

Methods of limits, adjustment and constant stimuli, described by Fechner, that are used for measuring thresholds

Question 5

Difference threshold

Answer 5

Minimal detectable difference between two stimuli

Question 6

Magnitude estimation

Answer 6

A psychophysical method in which the subject assigns numbers to a stimulus that are proportional to the subject of magnitude of the stimulus

Question 7

Neural processing

Answer 7

Operations that transform electrical signals within a network of neurons or that transform the response of individual neurons

Question 8

Perception

Answer 8

Conscious sensory experience

Question 9

Perceptual process

Answer 9

A sequence of steps leading from the environment to perception of a stimulus, recognition of the stimulus, and action with regard to the stimulus

Question 10

Phenomenological method

Answer 10

Method of determining the relationship between stimuli and perception in which the observer describes what he or she perceives

Question 11

Physiological approach to perception

Answer 11

Analysing perception by determining how a persons perception is related to the physiological processes that are occurring within the person. This approach focuses on determining the relationship between stimuli and physiological responding and between the physiological responding and perception

Question 12

Psychophysical approach to perception

Answer 12

Analysing perception by determining how a persons perception is related to stimuli in the environment. This approach focuses on the relationship between stimuli in the environment and perceptual responding

Question 13

Reaction time

Answer 13

Often used in experiments as a measure of speed of processing

Question 14

Response compression

Answer 14

The result of doubling the physical intensity of a stimuli less than doubles the negative magnitude of the stimuli

Question 15

Response expansion

Answer 15

The result when doubling the physical intensity of the stimulus more than doubles this objective magnitude of the stimulus

Question 16

Top down processing (knowledge based processing)

Answer 16

Process that starts with the analysis of high-level information such as the knowledge a person brings to a situation.

Question 17

Transduction

Answer 17

The transformation of environmental energy into electrical energy (the retinal receptors transduce light energy into electrical energy)

Question 18

Visual agnosia

Answer 18

Inability to recognise objects

Question 19

Visual search

Answer 19

Procedure in which a person’s task is to find a particular element in a display that contains a number of elements

Question 20

Weber fraction

Answer 20

The ratio of the different threshold to the value of the standard stimulus in Weber’s law

Question 21

Weber’s law

Answer 21

A law stating that the ratio of the difference threshold (DL) to the value of the stimulus (S) is constant. According to this relationship doubling the value of the stillness will cause a double of the difference threshold the ratio (DL/S) is called webers faction