1. Introduction to Hematology

Question 1

When a specimen is centrifuged ___ and ___ make up the buffy coat

Answer 1

leukocytes and platelets

Question 2

Where can you find the buffy coat ?

Answer 2

between the packed red blood cells and the plasma

Question 3

What are the functions of the blood ? (7)

Answer 3

Respiratory, Nutritional, Excretory, Buffering Action, Maintenance and body temperature, Transport of hormones, and Defense mechanism

Question 4

This is the liquid portion of unclotted blood

Answer 4

Plasma

Question 5

Plasma is composed of ____ and contains ____ (5)

Answer 5

90% water; proteins, enzymes, hormones, lipids, and salts

Question 6

What is the normal appearance of plasma ?

Answer 6

hazy and pale yellow

Question 7

Between plasma and serum, which one contains all coagulation proteins ?

Answer 7

Plasma

Question 8

This is the liquid portion of blood that remains after coagulation and a clot has formed

Answer 8

Serum

Question 9

What is the normal appearance of serum ?

Answer 9

clear and straw

Question 10

Which coagulation factors are not a part of serum ?

Answer 10

Fibrinogen group: 1, 5, 8, and 13

Question 11

What white blood cells are under granulocytes ?

Answer 11

Neutrophil, Eosinophil, and Basophil

Question 12

What white blood cells are under agranulocytes ?

Answer 12

Lymphocytes and Monocyte

Question 13

This WBC increases during bacterial infection

Answer 13

Neutrophil

Question 14

What is another name for neutrophil ?

Answer 14

Polymorphonuclear cell

Question 15

Describe the morphology of a neutrophil ?

Answer 15

3 - 5 lobes w/ segmentation

Question 16

What are stab/staff/bands ?

Answer 16

immature neutrophils w/ only 1 lobe

Question 17

This WBC increases during parasitic infection/ allergic reaction

Answer 17

Eosinophil

Question 18

Describe the morphology of an eosinophil

Answer 18

Bilobe w/ reddish-orange granules

Question 19

What condition will give the highest possible level of eosinophil count ?

Answer 19

Trichinella spiralis infection

Question 20

The nucleus of this WBC is not usually seen because it is obscured by big granules

Answer 20

Basophil

Question 21

This WBC increases during allergic reaction/ inflammation (histamine)

Answer 21

Basophil

Question 22

Describe the morphology of a basophil

Answer 22

Dark blue cytoplasm

Bilobe with dark to bluish black granules (water soluble)

Question 23

This WBC increases during viral infection

Answer 23

Lymphocytes

Question 24

What are the types of lymphocytes ?

Answer 24

B-lymphocyte, T-lymphocyte, and NK

Question 25

Differentiate CD4 and CD8 ?

Answer 25

CD4: T helper cell CD8: T cytotoxic and T suppressor cell

Question 26

What is the meaning of CD of CD4 and CD8 ?

Answer 26

Cluster of Differentiation

Question 27

When do monocytes activate and become macrophages ?

Answer 27

Once monocytes migrate to tissues

Question 28

What is the average SG of blood ?

Answer 28

1.055

Question 29

Blood makes up __ to __ mL of blood per kg bodyweight

Answer 29

75 - 85

Question 30

There are about __ grams of solids per __ mL of blood

Answer 30

20; 100

Question 31

What does the prefix Meta- mean ?

Answer 31

after, next; change

Question 32

What does the prefix Myel(o)- mean ?

Answer 32

From bone marrow; spinal cord

Question 33

What does the prefix Poikilo- mean ?

Answer 33

Varied, irregular

Question 34

What does the prefix Pykno- mean ?

Answer 34

Dense

Question 35

What does the prefix Reticulo- mean ?

Answer 35

Netlike

Question 36

What does the prefix Schis- mean ?

Answer 36

Split

Question 37

What does the prefix Sidero- mean ?

Answer 37

Iron

Question 38

What does the prefix Xanth- mean ?

Answer 38

Yellow

Question 39

What does the suffix -crit mean ?

Answer 39

To separate

Question 40

What does the suffix -ectomy mean ?

Answer 40

Incision or removal

Question 41

What does the suffix -oma mean ?

Answer 41

Swelling or tumor

Question 42

What does the suffix -opathy mean ?

Answer 42

Disease

Question 43

What does the suffix -penia mean ?

Answer 43

Deficiency, decreased

Question 44

What does the suffix -plasia (-plastic) mean ?

Answer 44

Cell production or repair

Question 45

What does the suffix -poiesis mean ?

Answer 45

Cell production, formation, and development

Question 46

What does the suffix -poietin mean ?

Answer 46

Stimulate production