1: INTRODUCTION TO CYTOGENETICS Flashcards
1
Q
- “All animals and plants, however complicated, are constituted of a few elements which are repeated in each of them.”
A
ARISTOTLE IN ANTIQUITY AND PARACELSUS IN THE RENAISSANCE
2
Q
Many centuries later, owing to the invention of ____________ , the world of microscopic dimensions was also discovered.
A
magnifying lenses
3
Q
- can constitute an entire organism as in protozoa
A
SINGLE CELL
4
Q
- it can be one of many cells that are grouped and differentiated into tissues and organs to form a multicellular organism.
A
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM
5
Q
- is the study of chromosomes and the related disease states caused by abnormal chromosome number and/or structure.
A
CYTOGENETICS
6
Q
- is a convergence of two fields of science: Cytology and Genetics.
A
CYTOGENETICS
7
Q
is the study of cells.
A
Cytology
8
Q
is, simply put, the study of heredity.
A
Genetics
9
Q
- The chromosomes that cells contain are the containers of the hereditary factors.
A
GENE
10
Q
- examines the relationship between the transmission of genes from parent to offspring and the outcome of the offspring’s traits.
A
TRANSMISSION GENETICS
11
Q
- to understand how the genetic material works at the molecular level
- to understand the molecular features of DNA and how these features underlie the expression of genes
A
MOLECULAR GENETICS
12
Q
- to understand how processes such as natural selection have resulted in the prevalence of individuals that carry particular alleles.
- Population geneticists are particularly interested in genetic variation and how that variation is related to an organism’s environment. In this field, the frequencies of alleles are of central importance.
- to understand that organisms go through natural selection to adapt on their environment and pass their genes to the next generation.
A
POPULATION GENETICS
