(1) Introduction to Chemistry Flashcards
- Chemist
- Discovered many noble gases
- Said that a country that excels in the field of Chemistry can achieve prosperity and stability in terms of social economic and political aspects
William Ramsay
Examples of the Applications of Chemistry (6)
- Agriculture
- Water Treatment
- Material Science
- Medicine
- Plastic Industry
- Clothing
Fertilizer is rich in what two elements?
Nitrogen and Phosphorous
What process is the conversion of seawater to freshwater? It separates mixtures.
Reverse Osmosis
Plastics are made up of what?
Polymers
What are polymers?
Long-chain of molecules
Fibers are made up of?
Cellulose/Polysaccharide
Chemistry in our daily lives (6)
- Toothpaste
- Soaps
- Shampoo
- Food
- Transportation
- Industries related to food, cosmetics, medicine, and clothing
What is the function of a Fluoride ion (F^-1)
It prevents tooth decay
An essential ingredient in soap.
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)
Essential Component of shampoo
Sodium Sulfate
What is the function of (Na2 SO4)?
It has a cleansing effect that removes dandruff or dirt on the hair.
Food’s main source of biomolecules for growth and development (3)
- Carbohydrates
- Proteins
- Fats
Essential components that must be included for the creation of these modes in transportation (3)
- Metals
- Alloys
- Rubber
What are alloys?
A mixture of two or more metals
Definition of Chemistry
Study of Matter
Definition of Matter
Anything that occupies space and has mass
Definition of Mass
Quantity/Amount of substance present in that particular sample of matter
Chemistry focuses on these scopes (4)
- Structure
- Composition
- Properties
- Transformation
Give the corresponding chemical composition of the ff:
- Water
- Bleaching Agent or Clorox
- Chalk (Limestone/Marble)
- Saltpeter or Salitre
- Antacid or Kremil-S
- Dihydrogen oxide - H₂O
- Sodium Hypochlorite - NaClO
- Calcium Carbonate - Ca (CO₃)₂
- Potassium Nitrate - KNO₃
- Aluminum Hydroxide - Al (OH)₃ and Magnesium Hydroxide - Mg (OH)₃
What is the function of KNO₃?
Preserves processed meat products
KNO₃ is a _______ agent. What should be done?
carcinogenic - cause cancer
Limit intake of processed foods
What is the function of aluminum hydroxide?
Prevents hyperacidity for those people who suffered from gastric ulcer
Al (OH)₃ and Mg (OH)₃ are _____ substances. What are their functions?
They neutralize the acidity of gastric ulcers and other related diseases.
Similarities of a diamond and graphite
Both are made up of Carbon atom
Difference in terms of their __________, specifically in terms of their ________.
Difference between a diamond and graphite
properties, hardness
arrangement of Carbon atoms
Diamond: tetrahedral or triangular pyramid. 3D
Graphite: hexagonal. 2D
Substances that are made up of the same element, but differ in terms of forms/arrangements
Allotropes
What are the Noble/Inert Gases?
He Ne Xe Ar Kr
It will not form any compounds
octet
What is involved in transformation?
energy
