1: Introduction to A&P Flashcards
What are some characteristics of living things?
- organization
- metabolism
- evolution
- growth & development
- responsiveness
- regulation
- reproduction
Levels of Organization in the Human Body
- Chemical level
- Cellular level
- Tissue level
- Organ level
- Organ system level
- Organism level
What are the 11 organ systems of the human body?
- Integumentary
- Skeleton
- Muscular
- Nervous
- Endocrine
- Cardiovascular
- Lymphatic
- Respiratory
- Urinary
- Digestive
- Reproductive
Anatomical position, body planes, & body sections
a. sagittarius plane (split into left and right)
b. frontal plane (front and back)
c. transverse plane (top and bottom)
body directions
word bank: distal, proximal, superior, inferior, midline, medial, lateral, anterior, posterior, ventral, dorsal, superficial, deep
Body regions (a)
word bank: cephalic,
body regions (b)
body regions (c)
body regions (d)
regional terms
the anterior and posterior body cavities
four quadrants and one regions
the serous membranes
homeostasis
All body systems work together to maintain a stable internal environment
- systems respond to external and internal changes to keep variable within normal ranges (body temperature, fluid balance)
A homeostatic regulatory mechanism consists of
- Receptor: receives the stimulus
- Control center: processes the signal and sends instructions
-Effector: Carries out instructions
positive feedback
A variable produces a response that amplifies the original change in conditions.
The body is further away from reaching homeostasis, normal range is not maintained.
Ex. During child labor, when the fetus’s head presses up on the cervix the body releases oxytocin which stimulates muscle contractions that push the baby closer to the cervix and so more oxytocin is released and as more oxytocin is released more contractions occur.
