1 Introduction: Exploring Biology Flashcards
Living organisms share 7 common properties
order reproduction growth and development energy processing response to environment regulation evolutionary adaptations
levels of biological organization
Atoms Molecules Organelles Cells Tissues Organ and organ systems Organisms Populations Communities Ecosystems Biosphere
Reductionism
How do we study biology?
Reducing complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study
Systems biology
How do we study biology?
Constructs models for the dynamic behaviour of whole biological systems to predict behaviour
Prokaryotic cells
a simple, single-celled organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells are much more complicated than those of prokaryotes. They are packed with a fascinating array of subcellular structures that play important roles in energy balance, metabolism, and gene expression.
Three domains
Domain bacteria
Most diverse and widespread prokaryotes
Domain archaea
Prokaryotes that often lie in earths extreme environments
^both prokaryotic organisms
Domain eukarya
eukaryotic organisms
Domain eukarya - eukaryotic organisms
Four subgroups
Kingdom plantae
Kingdom fungi
Kingdom animalia
protists
Discovery science
Approach is based on observations and the analysis of data
Qualitative
Descriptions rather than measurements
Quantitative
Recorded measurements, sometimes organized into tables and graph
Hypothesis science
A hypothesis is a tentative answer to a well-framed question
Inductive reasoning
Derive generalizations made from a large # of specific observations
Deductive reasoning
Logic flows from general premise to specific results we expect if the premise is true
