1 Introduction Flashcards
Objectives of plumbing
1) supply water to different parts of the building 2) remove the discharged human waste and other substances from building and into sewer
Conditions for effective water supply to building
1) provide sufficient amount of water to building
2) prevent back flow of used water into water supply system
Drainage system should accomplish the ff
1) fast removal of waste with minimum probability of leakage and stoppage of drains
2) prevent entry of vermin and other obnoxious gases into house via piping system
Drainage system requirements
1) must be vented
2) must have pipe joints well fitted
3) must have suitable trap to prevent back flow of gases
4) must have ventilation pipe to transfer gases unto atmosphere where it does no harm to human health
5) must have accessible cleanout in case of repair
6) drainage pipe should be graded or inclined for a downward gravity flow of water towards main sewer
Waste discharged by water closet
solid waste
Waste discharged from various fixtures
liquid waste
Pipe which conveys waste other than those from water closet
waste pipe
Pipe which conveys waste other than coming from water closet and other fixtures
soil pipe
Drainage system in acronyms
D - drainage of solid waste
W - drainage of waste from other fixtures
V - ventilation of piping system
Space between water outlet (opening of water supply fixture) to flood level of fixture (i.e. sink)
air gap
Unwanted flow of water in reverse direction
back flow
Back flow of used water from a plumbing fixture unto water supply pipe due to negative pressure in pipe
back siphonage
Group of plumbing fixtures which use a common waste line
battery of fixtures
Synonym for faucet
bib, cock, tap, plug, “gripo”
Plate or flange covering/closing end of pipe
blind flange
Controlled pipe outlet for releasing water; pressure release system for releasing water
blow off valve (BOV); dump valve; bypass valve
Any other pipe in piping system other than main branch or stack
branch
Length of soil or waste pipe corresponding to storey height; no less than 2.40 meters; within which horizontal branches of building are connected to
branch interval
Vent connecting on one or more branches to main vent stack or stack vent
branch vent
Resilient mastic compound often having bituminous, silicone or a rubber base usually used for waterproofing, seal cracks, fill joints and prevent leakage
calking; caulking
A branch vent which connects multiple number of traps on a horizontal branch to the vent stack
circuit vent
Vertical pipe whose upper portion is a vent and lower portion is a drain
continuous vent
Fixture combining one sink and tray or more than one set in one vent/one unit
combination fixtures
System of waste piping embodying the horizontal wet venting of one or more sinks and floor drains by means of common waste and vent pipe sized large enough for movement of air above flow line of drain
combination waste and vent fixtures
A drain from two or three fixtures connected to a single trap; also called a dual vent; connects at junction of two fixtures & serves as vent for both fixtures
common vent
Physical connection between two otherwise separate piping system (i.e. potable water source with contaminated water source) wherein water may flow from one system to the other depending on pressure difference between two systems
cross connection
Extended portion of pipe that is closed at one end permitting stagnation of water or air
dead end
Length along centre of pipe and fitting
developed length
Refers to nominal internal diameter (ID) of pipe; except for brass and copper tube where term refers to outside diameter (OD) of pipe
diameter
System includes all piping within the public or private premises that conveys sewage, rainwater, liquid waste to a legal point of disposal; does not include private or public sewerage system treatment or disposal plant
drainage system
Vent that does not carry water or water borne wastes
dry vent
