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Pharm Exam 3 > 1 - Intro to ANS > Flashcards

1 - Intro to ANS Flashcards

1
Q

Exogenous cholinergic molecules

A

Muscarine

Nicotine

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2
Q

Parasymp (superior) pathway

A

Preganglionic –> Ach (N)

PostGanglionic –> Ach (M)

Target = Heart and vessels

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3
Q

Types of Post ganglionic Sy

(Catergories and the receptors that they target)

A

Adrenergic –> B/a Receptors

Cholinergic –> either β2 or α1 receptors

PostG Sy Dopaminergic –> D1 receptorss

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4
Q

Post synaptic receptors that act through IP3 –> Ca++ pathway

A

M1,3,5

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5
Q

Muscarinic receptors that is on both pre and post synaptic side

A

M4

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6
Q

Presynaptic muscarinic receptor

A

M2

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7
Q

____ and ____ act within the acetylcholine within the synaptic cleft

A

AchE / BuChE

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8
Q

_____ and ____ directly activate the SANS by releasing _______

A

Methylphenidate, Amphetamine

release NE

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9
Q

Enzyme that converts NE to EPI

A

Phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase

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10
Q

Mimic acetylcholine =

A

Cholinergic = muscarinic agnoists = Parasympathomimetic

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11
Q

Block Ach =

A

Anticholinergic = muscarinic antagonist = Parasympatholytic

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12
Q

Mimic NE =

A

Adrenergic = Adrenergic agnonist = Sympathomimetic

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13
Q

Block NE =

A

Antiadrenergic = adrenergic antagonist = sympatholytic

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14
Q

Cholinergic receptors are either (a)) ______ or (b) _______

Where are (a)?

A

a = nicotinic

b = muscarinic

Nicotinic can be in:

  • Ganglionic
  • Skeletal muscle
  • Neuronal CNS
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15
Q

Nicotinic receptos are ____ made out of __ subunits

A

ion channels

5

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16
Q

Structures of the 2 neuronal nicotinic receptors

A
  1. 3 β2’s and 2 α4’s
  2. 5 α7’s
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17
Q

Muscle nicotinic recepor subunits

A

α1, α1, β1, delta. gamma

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18
Q

Muscarinic receptors are either ___ or ___

A

Gq coupled or Gi coupled

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19
Q

Gq coupled muscarinic receptors

A

M1 = CNS

M3 = Ubiquitous

M5 = Cerebral BV

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20
Q

Gi coupled muscarinic receptors

A

M2 = Heart + bladder, HIppocampus + Cereb. Cort.

M4 = Striatum

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21
Q

Types of adrenergic receptors

A

α1, α2, β

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22
Q

What are the Gq coupled adrenergic receptors

A

α1A

α1B

α1D

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23
Q

What are the Gi coupled adrenergic receptors

A

α2 A/B/C

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24
Q

Gs coupled adrenergic receptors

A

β1,2,3

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25
Q

Where do you find Gi coupled adrenergic receptors?

A

GI, Panceas, CNS

26
Q

Receptor of the dilator (radial) muscle in the eye?

27
Q

Receptor in ciliary muscle and sphincter pupillae

28
Q

Receptor on the ciliary epithelium

A

β2

increases secretion of aq. humor

29
Q

Psy stimulation in the eye causes

A

constriction (circuar muscle)

30
Q

Sy stimulation of the eye causes

A

Dilation (radial muscles)

31
Q

Pressure equals =

A

flow (Q) x resistance (R)

32
Q

Flow (Q) equals =

33
Q

______ relaxes skeletal muscles

34
Q

___ causes vasoconstrction

35
Q

___ causes vasodilation

36
Q

Effect of M3 in vessels?

A

Vasoconstrict

(M3 receptor = Gq coupled receptor that increases Ca++)

37
Q

M3 also causes relaxation via what mechanism?

A

NO

  • Phosphorylation of eNOS mediates* L-Arg –> NO
  • NO causes guanylate cyclase to mediate:*

GTP –> cGMP

38
Q

M3R vasoconstriction in pathologies wherein…

A

the vascular endothelium is disrupted (e.g. atherosclerosis)

39
Q

ANS receptors in the heart

40
Q

ANS receptors in the cardiomyocytes act via what pathway (molecule)

A

Protein Kinase A

41
Q

In the lungs, ___ are present on the glands

___ are presenrt in smooth muscle

A

M3 on glands

B2 and M3 on sm. muscle

42
Q

Apocrine glands function and receptors

A

Stress induced sweating (axilla, pubic region)

a1 receptors

43
Q

Eccrine sweat glands function and receptor

A

Thermoreg

M3 receptors

44
Q

GIT: Sympathetic

  1. Increases secretion of salivary glands
  2. Relaxes sm. muscle
  3. Contracts sm. muscle
  4. Inhibits secretion
A
  1. a1
  2. a2, b2
  3. a1
  4. a2
45
Q

M3 receptor function in GIT

A

Inrease secretion of salivary glands

Contract sm. muscle

increase secretion

46
Q

What receptor mediates relaxation of sphincter muscles in GIT?

47
Q

What receptor increases (Psy) secretion in GIT

48
Q

Bladder wall receptors (and nerve that stimulates them)

A

M3 receptor (pelvic n. Psy)

B3 receptor (hypogastric nerve - Sy)

49
Q

Urethra receptor

50
Q

Detrusor muscle receptor

51
Q

Receptor on External urethral sphincter

52
Q

Relaxes bladder wall

53
Q

Parasymp. receptor in UG system

54
Q

Contracts ureter and sphincter

55
Q

Relaxes uterus

Contracts uterus

56
Q

Ejaculation receptor

57
Q

Glycogenolysis and GNG mediated by…

58
Q

Lipolysis mediated by _____

A

a1, B1,2,3

59
Q

Renin release mediated by

60
Q

insulin release mediated by

61
Q

The major cholinergic receptor for:

  1. Liver
  2. Fat cells
  3. Kidney
  4. Pancreas

Pharm Exam 3 (11 decks)

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