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Elsevier Virology (RVSP) > 1. Intro > Flashcards

1. Intro Flashcards

1
Q

Nucleic acid + capsid

A

Nucleocapsid

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2
Q

Structural units of the capsid

A

Capsomeres

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3
Q

Lipid membrane around nucleocapsid in some viruses

A

Envelope

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4
Q

Complete virus particle

A

Virion

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5
Q

The capsid is mad up of

A

Protein

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6
Q

The envelope is made up of

A

Lipids

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7
Q

A virus-like proteinaceous infectious particle

A

Prion

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8
Q

Structures that replicate through conversion of other host proteins

A

Prion

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9
Q

Disease caused by prions

A

Spongiform encephalopathy:

  • scrapie
  • kuru
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)
  • Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) (Mad cow disease)
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10
Q

Steps in viral replication

A 
Attachment
Penetration
Uncoating
Biosynthesis
Morphogenesis
Release
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11
Q

Virus propagated in chick embryos

A

Yellow fever virus

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12
Q

Used for propagation of yellow fever virus

A

Chick embryos

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13
Q

Media used in the past for growth of viruses

A

Chicken embryos

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14
Q

Media used for growth of viruses in research

A

Tissue explants

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15
Q

3 types of cell culture

A

Primary cell culture
Diploid cell lines
Continuous cell lines

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16
Q

Cell culture derived directly from animal or human donor

A

Primary cell culture

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17
Q

Commonly used primary cell cultures

A

Kidney cells (rhesus monkey and rabbit)

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18
Q

Number of passages in primary cell cultures

A

1 or 2 passages

19
Q

Cell culture derived from fibroblasts of animal tissues

A

Diploid cell line

20
Q

Cell culture composed of terminally differentiated and postmitotic cells

A

Diploid cell line

21
Q

Source of diploid cell lines

A

Fibroblasts of animal tissues

22
Q

Number of passages in diploid cell lines

A

20-50 passages

23
Q

A cell culture from a single cell type that can be propagated indefinitely

A

Continuous cell lines

24
Q

Number of passages of continuous cell lines

A

Unlimited passages

25
Q

Source of continuous cell lines

A
  • Tumors

- mutagenic treatment of primary cell cultures

26
Q

Microscope used to read viral media in tubes and vials

A

Inverted microscope

27
Q

Produced by viruses that bind erythrocytes

A

Hemagglutinin

28
Q

Used for confirmation of CPEs

A

Fluorescent antibody tests

29
Q

Methods for direct examination of viruses

A

Antigen detection
Electron microscopy
Light microscopy

30
Q

Methods for antigen detection of viruses

A
  • immunofluorescence

- ELISA

31
Q

Specimens that can be used for Ag detection of viruses

A

Nasopharyngeal aspirate

Stool

32
Q

Viruses detected in nasopharyngeal aspirate by Ag detection

A
  • Resporatory syncitial virus (RSV)

- Influenza

33
Q

Viruses detected in stool by Ag detection

A

Rotavirus

Adenovirus

34
Q

Amount of virus required for visualization using electron microscopy

A

10^6 virus particles/mL

35
Q

Magnification used in electron microscopy

A

50,000-60,000 magnification

36
Q

Most common method for direct examination of viruses

A

PCR

37
Q

In PCR, the specific target DNA sequences are amplified by a factor of

A

10^6

38
Q

Methods for detection of PCR product

A
  • agarose gel electrophoresis
  • probe hybridization
  • DNA sequencing
39
Q

PCR that has streamlined the amplification and detection process

A

Real-time PCR

40
Q

Ab that has a fourfold rise in titer in primary infection

A

IgG

41
Q

Presence of this Ab signifies primary infection

A

IgM

42
Q

Absence or slight increase of this Ab signifies reinfection

A

IgM

43
Q

Protein shell of viruses

A

Capsid

Elsevier Virology (RVSP) (4 decks)

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