1/intro Flashcards
1
Q
how is DevSteR studied? why? background and issues due to this?
A
- complex interactions in whole organism
- genetics - need simple/mendelian genetics
- surgical accessibility considerations
- ethics, cost
- genome sequencing
- universal methods
2
Q
cell fate maps
A
- after fertilisation mass of cells that look the same - but may be fated to give rise to specific cells
- inject dye into single cell and see what it gives rise to - linear tracing
3
Q
commitment vs plasticity
A
- commitment: cell already knows what it will become. determined by intrinsic factors
- plasticity: reprogrammed to another cell’s fate by putting in a different location (ectopic). cell signaling
4
Q
induction/instructive signals
A
- some cells release signals that induces cell fate
- ectopic signalling source
5
Q
cell signalling?
A
- signals/ligands secreted by signalling cells
- specific receptors can transduce signal
- activation of transcription factor
6
Q
activities of cell signals?
A
- pattering cells: identical cells can adopt different fates
- cells to proliferate
- growth factors - cells live/die
- block cells from responding to other signals - permissive signals
- attract/ repulse cells during migration - chemoattractant
- regulate cell metabolism
7
Q
gene expression analysis how?
A
- RNA in situ hybridisation - blue purple if express RNA for a particular gene
- antibody staining with fluorescent labels
8
Q
FGF?
A
stimulates proliferation, required for limb development in mice for example
9
Q
genetics and ectopic expression analysis method
A
- implant a bead soaked in FGF protein between limb buds in (chick) embryo
- chick has ectopic leg - extra leg
- shows FGFs are sufficient to induce proliferation
10
Q
what is a tetrapod?
A
vertebrae with 4 limbs (including humans)
11
Q
A
