[1] HISTORY OF MT IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT

Question 1

He is known as the “Father of Medicine”

Answer 1

Hippocrates

Question 2

Body fluids that are named “Four Humors”

Answer 2

Blood, Phlegm, Yellow Bile, Black Bile

Question 3

He wrote “uroscopy” and formulated the humoral pathology (source of person’s disposition and disease in ancient times)

Answer 3

Hippocrates

Question 4

Was used as a marker for diagnosis

Answer 4

Urine

Question 5

Excessive urination of the body (More than 2.5 Liters)

Answer 5

Polyuria

Question 6

Normal urine excreted a day

Answer 6

2 Liters ONLY

Question 7

Old way of testing urine

Answer 7

Uroscopy

Question 8

3 things to check during urinalysis

Answer 8

Physical exam, chemical exam, microscopic analysis

Question 9

Factors to check during physical exam of urine

Answer 9

Color, Clarity, Odor

Question 10

It is defined as the urine that is freshly harvested, but with an unclear and murky appearance

Answer 10

Turbid urine

Question 11

Strips with chemicals impregnated in it then dipped in urine to check for chemical reactions

Answer 11

Reagent strips

Question 12

Recorded the sweet taste of diabetic urine

Answer 12

Hindu physician

Question 13

They conclude diabetes by observing the urine if ants are attracted to it

Answer 13

Greeks

Question 14

They practiced immunization to smallpox

Answer 14

Chinese

Question 15

They developed scalpels, forceps, specula, surgical needles

Answer 15

Romans

Question 16

Practice of toxicology, distillation, pharmacy analysis and separation of minerals

Answer 16

Indians

Question 17

He 1st described hematuria by correlating the presence of blood to the physiological function of kidney

Answer 17

Rufus of Ephesus

Question 18

Tagged by Herodotus as the healthiest man

Answer 18

Early Egyptians

Question 19

If a person experiences polyuria, what diseases can they possibly have?

Answer 19

Diabetes
Kidney stones
Bladder infection
Kidney failure

Question 20

Advancements in technology, development of new scientific methods, discovery of disease-causing microorganisms, invention of microscope, cholera outbreak

Answer 20

Medieval Laboratory practices (16th-18th Century)

Question 21

Cholera outbreak was traced by who?

Answer 21

Jon Snow

Question 22

He invented the first microscope

Answer 22

Zacharias Janssen

Question 23

Used microscope to investigate the causes of dsx

Answer 23

Athanasius Kircher

Question 24

Published micrographia

Answer 24

Robert Hooke

Question 25

Developed the gravimetric analysis of urine

Answer 25

Jean Baptiste van Helmont

Question 26

Described protein in urine

Answer 26

Frederick Dekkers

Question 27

Performed the 1st blood transfusion in animals

Answer 27

Richard Lower

Question 28

Described the process of coagulation

Answer 28

Willian Hewson

Question 29

Developed the yeast test for sugar in diabetic urine

Answer 29

Francis Home

Question 30

Identified sugar in the blood and urine of diabetics

Answer 30

Matthew Dobson

Question 31

Traces the beginning of Medical Technology

Answer 31

Vivian Herrick

Question 32

Common name of intestinal parasites

Answer 32

Roundworm Whipworm Hookworm Threadworm Seat worm/pinworm

Question 33

Believed that Medical Technology began when a book of treatment of diseases was published

Answer 33

Ebers Papyrus

Question 34

3 stages of hookworm infection

Answer 34

Egg, larva, adult

Question 35

Stated that Medical Technology began from medieval period

Answer 35

Ruth Williams

Question 36

They made the scientific observation that the urine of certain individuals attracted ants and the urine has a sweet taste

Answer 36

Early Hindu doctors

Question 37

Medical term for listening to body part; the action of listening to sounds from the heart, lungs, or other organs, typically with a stethoscope, as a part of medical diagnosis.

Answer 37

Auscultation

Question 38

What is sign?

Answer 38

Signs are objective evidences such as skin rash, redness of eye due to conjunctivitis (Pink Eye) A sign is a health issue that can be observed/ physically seen Vital Signs include: Heart rate (pulse), Breathing rate Temperature Blood pressure

Question 39

What is a symptom?

Answer 39

Subjective evidence Not physical A symptom is the subjective experience of a potential health issue, which cannot be observed by a doctor If you’re having symptoms, you’re the only person who can describe them.

Question 40

Give an example of symptoms

Answer 40

Stomach cramps, Headache, Fatigue

Question 41

Medical doctors diagnose diseases based on ____?

Answer 41

Appearances

Question 42

A process wherein a doctor differentiates between two or more conditions that could be behind a person's symptoms.

Answer 42

Differential diagnosis

Question 43

Differentiate immunization from vaccination

Answer 43

IMMUNIZATION refers to the process of both getting the vaccine and becoming immune to the disease following vaccination while VACCINATION is the term used for getting a vaccine — that is, actually getting the injection or taking an oral vaccine dose

Question 44

True or False: If you are exposed to a certain disease, you can be exposed to it again without becoming infected.

Answer 44

TRUE (Body already produced antibodies)

Question 45

Varicella zoster virus (VZV) cause an acute disease called ?

Answer 45

Chicken pox

Question 46

Presence of blood in urine

Answer 46

Hematuria

Question 47

Presence of protein in the urine

Answer 47

Proteinauria

Question 48

Clotting of blood

Answer 48

Coagulation

Question 49

TRUE OR FALSE: Vaccines contain weakened/attenuated/dead antigens while antitoxins contain antibodies

Answer 49

TRUE

Question 50

An organ that develops in the uterus during pregnancy and provides oxygen and nutrients to a growing baby. It also removes waste products from the baby's blood.

Answer 50

Placenta

Question 51

The _______ attaches to the wall of the uterus, and the baby's umbilical cord arises from it.

Answer 51

Placenta

Question 52

Foreign body/substance or infectious agents not normally present in our bodies

Answer 52

Antigen

Question 53

These are proteins that are produced by the immune system when we are exposed to antigens. They fight and ward off the so-called antigens.

Answer 53

Antibody

Question 54

These are proteins that are produced by the immune system when we are exposed to antigens. They fight and ward off the so-called antigens.

Answer 54

Antibody

Question 55

Used to produce antibodies

Answer 55

Vaccine

Question 56

Tricks the immune system into thinking that it is again seeing a pathogen, so antibody-producing cells, and other immune cells, are recalled into gear. The quantity and quality of antibodies that are produced can increase.

Answer 56

Booster shot

Question 57

An infection of the intestine caused by Vibrio cholerae bacteria

Answer 57

Cholera

Question 58

A class of lab techniques used to determine the mass or concentration of a substance by measuring a change in mass

Answer 58

Gravimetric analysis

Question 59

Blood contains _______ and blood clotting factors which cause clotting when blood is exposed to air.

Answer 59

Fibrinogen

Question 60

Prevents any clots from forming

Answer 60

Anti-coagulant

Question 61

Both come from the liquid portion of the blood that remains once the cells are removed

Answer 61

Serum and plasma

Question 62

Obtained after clotting of blood

Answer 62

Serum

Question 63

Can be obtained before coagulation

Answer 63

Plasma

Question 64

The liquid that remains when clotting is prevented with the addition of an anticoagulant.

Answer 64

Plasma

Question 65

Contains fibrinogen which is absent in serum

Answer 65

Plasma

Question 66

SERUM is ____ while PLASMA is ____

Answer 66

Fluid ; Liquid

Question 67

Remains after the blood has clotted

Answer 67

Serum

Question 68

What are the 2 types of Immunity?

Answer 68

Innate/Natural Immunity ; Adaptive/Acquired Immunity

Question 69

Examples of innate immunity.

Answer 69

Skin, cough reflex, mucus, white blood cells

Question 70

What are the two main types of white blood cells?

Answer 70

Granulocytes Agranulocytes

Question 71

_______ are type of white blood cells that has small granules.

Answer 71

Granulocytes

Question 72

It is a type of WBC that fights bacterial infections.

Answer 72

Neutrophil

Question 73

It is a type of WBC that fights parasitic infections.

Answer 73

Eosinophil

Question 74

It is a type of WBC that helps your body respond to allergic reactions.

Answer 74

Basophils

Question 75

_______ are white blood cells that have no distinct granules in their cytoplasm.

Answer 75

Agranulocytes

Question 76

It is a type of a WBC that is a part of the immune system

Answer 76

Lymphocytes

Question 77

It is a type of WBC that destroy the body's own cells that have themselves been taken over by viruses or become cancerous.

Answer 77

T Cells / T lymphocytes

Question 78

It is a type of WBC that produces antibodies that are used to attack invading bacteria, viruses, and toxin

Answer 78

B Cells / B lymphocyte

Question 79

It is a type of WBC that eat infectious agents or dead cells and are considered as phagocytes.

Answer 79

Monocytes

Question 80

These are the two types of adaptive/acquired immunity.

Answer 80

Active and Passive

Question 81

It is acquired from exposure to the disease organism through infection with the actual disease.

Answer 81

Adaptive Active Natural Immunity

Question 82

It is is acquired through the introduction of a killed or weakened form of the disease organism through vaccination.

Answer 82

Adaptive Active Artificial Immunity

Question 83

It is is provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system.

Answer 83

Passive Immunity

Question 84

Give an example of Adaptive Passive Natural Immunity.

Answer 84

When pregnant, the mother passess maternal antibodies to fetus through placenta. Maternal antibodies: transferred from mother to child

Question 85

Give an example of Adaptive Passive Artificial Immunity.

Answer 85

Injecting antitoxins which contains antibodies

Question 86

Antigen is being passed/acquired

Answer 86

Active Immunity

Question 87

Antibody is being passed/acquired

Answer 87

Passive Immunity