1 Hazardous Environment glossary Flashcards
what are Natural Disaster
A physical event (1) which results in death, damage or destruction (1)
what are tectonic hazards
A physical event (1) caused by plate tectonics which leads to volcanoes, earthquakes and tsunamis (1)
what are earthquakes
An earthquake is a series of vibrations or shock waves (1) among the rocks in the Earth’s crust (1).
what is a tectonic plate
A giant slab of earth’s curst (1) which can move or float on top of the mantle (1)
What are geological hazards
Geologic hazards are naturally-occurring events capable of causing loss or damage.
What are geological risks
Geological risks refer to natural hazards or potential hazards that are associated with geological processes or conditions.
what is Liquefaction
Soil liquefaction occurs when a saturated or partially saturated soil loses strength when shaking happens during an earthquake. The material that is ordinarily a solid behaves like a liquid.
what is a Volcano
An opening in the Earth’s crust out of which lava, ash and gases erupt.
what is an active volcano
A volcano which could erupt at any point (1) and eject material such as lava, ash and gas (1)
what is a Dormant Volcano
A volcano which has not erupted for a long time but may still erupt.
what is an Extinct Volcano
A volcano which will never erupt again.
what are Primary Impacts/ Effects
The happen immediately as a direct result of the hazard.
Secondary Impacts/ Effects
These happen in the weeks/months/ years after the hazard as a subsequent result of the primary effects
what are Short-term responses
a response in the days and weeks immediately after a disaster has happened.
what are Long-term responses
responses that go on for months and years after a disaster.
What are Short-term impacts
immediate impacts of a natural event
What are Long-term impacts
impacts that take place weeks after a natural event
what are Weather conditions
Weather condition is the regional weather during a defined time period
what is the Coriolis effect
Coriolis effect the result of Earth’s rotation on weather patterns and ocean currents. The Coriolis effect makes storms swirl clockwise in the Southern hemisphere and counterclockwise in the Northern Hemisphere.
what is the Saffir-Simpson Scale
The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale is a five-category classification system used to rate the intensity of tropical cyclones, also known as hurricanes, based on the maximum sustained wind speed.
Category 1: winds of 74-95 mph (119-153 km/h), minimal damage
Category 2: winds of 96-110 mph (154-177 km/h), moderate damage
Category 3: winds of 111-129 mph (178-208 km/h), extensive damage
Category 4: winds of 130-156 mph (209-251 km/h), extreme damage
Category 5: winds of 157 mph (252 km/h) or higher, catastrophic damage
