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Medical Terminology > 1-Greek Nouns and Adjectives > Flashcards

1-Greek Nouns and Adjectives Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

a- (an- before a vowel or h)

A

not, without, lacking, deficient

ie: a-biogenesis, a-sthenia, cardi-a-sthenia, an-algesia, an-hydrous

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2
Q

anti- (ant- often before a vowel or h; hyphenated before i)

A

against, opposed to, preventing, relieving

ie: anti-biotic, ant-acid

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3
Q

di- (rarely dis-)

A

two, twice, double

ie: di-ataxia, dis-diaclast

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4
Q

dys-

A

difficult, painful, defective, abnormal

ie: dys-ostosis, dys-genesis, dys-trophy

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5
Q

ec- (ex- before a vowel)

A

out of, away from

ie: ectasis, ectopic, exencephalia

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6
Q

ecto- (ect- often before a vowel)

A

outside of

ie: ecto-derm, ect-ostosis

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7
Q

en- (em- before b, m, and p)

A

in, into, within

ie: en-cephalitis, em-physema, em-bolism

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8
Q

endo-, ento- (end-, ent- before a vowel)

A

within

ie: endo-genous, endo-cardium, ent-optic

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9
Q

epi- (ep- before a vowel or h)

A

upon, over, above

ie: epi-cardium, epi-dermis, ep-encephalon

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10
Q

exo-

A

outside, from the outside, toward the outside

ie: exo-cardia, exo-crine,

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11
Q

hemi-

A

half, partial; (often) one side of the body

ie: hemi-cardia, hemi-plegia

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12
Q

hyper-

A

over, above, excessive, beyond normal

ie: hyper-hidrosis, hyper-glycemia

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13
Q

hypo- (hyp- before avowel or h)

A

under, deficient, below normal

ie: hypo-dermic, hyp-algesia

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14
Q

mono- (mon- before a vowel or h)

A

one, single

ie: mono-blast, mono-neuritis, monocular

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15
Q

peri-

A

around, surrounding

ie: peri-cardiac, peri-laryngitis

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16
Q

syn- (sym- before b, p, and m; then assimilates or is dropped before s)

A

together, with, joined

ie: syn-apse, syn-thetic, sy-stolic

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17
Q

Note that words can have more than one prefix, and that a prefix can follow a combining form.

ie: hyper-exo-phoria, cardi-ec-tomy

A

Note that words can have more than one prefix, and that a prefix can follow a combining form.

ie: hyper-exo-phoria, cardi-ec-tomy

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18
Q

-a

A

forms abstract nouns: state, condition

ie: dyspne-a, rhinorrhe-a

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19
Q

-ac (rare)

A

forms adjectives: pertaining to, located in

ie: cardi-ac, celi-ac

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20
Q

-ia

A

forms abstract nouns; often the suffix -ia appears as -y: state, condition

ie: anem-ia, hypertoph-y

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21
Q

-iac (rare)

A

forms nouns: person afflicted with:

ie: hemophil-iac, hypochondr-iac, man-iac

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22
Q

-iasis

A

forms abstract nouns: disease, abnormal condition, abnormal presence of: often used with the name of a parasitic organism to indicate infestation of the body by that organism

ie: elephant-iasis, nephrolith-iasis

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23
Q

-ic

A

forms adjectives: pertaining to, located in; words ending in -ic can be used as both adjectives and nouns and, as nouns, often indicate a drug or agent:

ie: analges-ic, gastr-ic

also, words ending in -ic can refer to a person suffering from a certain disability or condition: parapleg-ic, anorex-ic

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24
Q

-in, -ine

A

form names of substances:

ie: adrenal-in, antitox-in, chlor-ine

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25
Q

-ist:

A

forms nouns: a person interested in:

ie: cardiolog-ist, orthodont-ist

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26
Q

-itic

A

forms adjectives: pertaining to; pertaining to inflammation; words ending in -itic can be used as both adjectives and nouns and, as nouns, often indicate a drug or agent:

ie: antineur-itic, nephr-itic

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27
Q

-itis:

A

forms nouns indicating an inflamed condition: inflammation:

ie: gastr-itis, hepat-itis, laryng-itis

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28
Q

-itides

A

is the plural form for wods ending in -itis:

arthr-itides, dermat-itides

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29
Q

-ium (rarely -eum)

A

forms nouns; membrane, connective tissue:

ie: endometr-ium, pericard-ium, perton-eum

30
Q

-ma

A

forms nouns: (often) abnormal or diseased condition. The combining form for nouns ending in -ma is -mat-. Sometimes the final -a drops off in the noun.

ie: ede-ma, tra-ma, sper-m, trau-mat-ic

31
Q

-osis

A

forms nouns: abnormal or diseased condition

ie: nephr-osis, scler-osis, neur-osis, sten-osis

32
Q

-otic

A

forms adjectives from nouns ending in -osis: pertaining to:

ie: nephr-otic, neur-otic, sten-otic

33
Q

-sia

A

forms abstract nouns: state, condition

ie: amn-sia, ecta-sia

34
Q

-sis

A

forms abstract nouns: state, condition

ie: antisep-sis, paraly-sis

35
Q

-tic

A

forms adjectives from nouns ending in -sis: pertaining to; words ending in -tic can be used as both adjectives and nouns and, as nouns, often indicate a drug or agent:

ie: antisep-tic, paraly-tic

36
Q

-y

A

forms abstract nouns (see -ia)

37
Q

Words can have more than one suffix. Sometimes the suffix -iac or -ic is affixed to the noun-forming suffix -sia or sis. When this occurs, the only vestige left of the noun-forming suffix is the -s:

ie amne-sia amne-sic, amne-s-iac

A

Words can have more than one suffix. Sometimes the suffix -iac or -ic is affixed to the noun-forming suffix -sia or sis. When this occurs, the only vestige left of the noun-forming suffix is the -s:

ie amne-sia amne-sic, amne-s-iac

38
Q

A suffix can appear in the middle of a word affixed to a combining form:

ie: hemat-in-emia, hepat-ic-o-enterostomy

A

A suffix can appear in the middle of a word affixed to a combining form:

ie: hemat-in-emia, hepat-ic-o-enterostomy

39
Q

acanth-

A

thorn, spine

40
Q

alg-

A

pain

41
Q

alges-

A

sensitivity to pain

42
Q

all-

A

other, divergence, difference from

43
Q

angi-

A

(blood) vessel, duct

44
Q

arteri-

A

[air passage] artery

45
Q

arthr-

A

joint

46
Q

bi-

A

life

47
Q

brady-

A

slow

48
Q

cardi-

A

heart

49
Q

cephal-

A

head

50
Q

crani-

A

skull

51
Q

cyt-

A

[hollow container] cell

52
Q

encephal-

A

brain

53
Q

erythr-

A

red, red blood cell

54
Q

lept-

A

thin, fine, slight

55
Q

leuk-

A

white, white blood cell

56
Q

lith-

A

stone, calculus

57
Q

log-

A

word, study

58
Q

malac-

A

soft

59
Q

mes-

A

middle, secondary, partial, mesentery

60
Q

-meter, metr-

A

measure, measuring device

61
Q

nephr-

A

kidney

62
Q

neur-

A

[tendon] nerve, nervouse system

63
Q

oste-

A

bone

64
Q

prosop-

A

face

65
Q

prot-

A

first, primitive, early

66
Q

scler-

A

hard

67
Q

sten-

A

narrow

68
Q

stere-

A

solid, having three dimensions

69
Q

tachy-

A

rapid

70
Q

tox(i)

A

poisin

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

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