1. gender bias

Question 1

gender bias

Answer 1

research treats genders differently or the same when not appropriate

Question 2

uiversality

Answer 2

theories should aim to be universal so apply to both genders
mainstream theories are unlikely to be universal as are based on western indivualistic cultures

Question 3

bias

Answer 3

prejudice for or against one person or group
e.g gender, prejudice

Question 4

androcentrism

Answer 4

psychology is dominated by men so represent a male world view and uses male participants
women are misunderstood and more likely to be seen as abnormal
e.g zimbardo used 50 male participants

Question 5

types of gender bias:
alpha bias

Answer 5

alpha bias:
assumes there’s differences when there’s not
raises or undervalues a gender
e.g freud saw women as failed men= damaging to women

Question 6

types of gender bias:
beta bias

Answer 6

beta bias:
assumes there are no differences between genders
e.g research with male participants applied to women, aggression and testosterone used to treat men and women the same

Question 7

what are the types of gender bias

Answer 7

alpha= differences when there’s not
beta= no differences

Question 8

gender bias
EVALUATION
STRENGTH/LIMITATION
equality

Answer 8

research suggesting no gender differences can create a more equal society and laws to reflect and women having more access to education
HOWEVER
not always beneficial to treat genders the same as men and women have differences
mustin & mareck= seen as equal takes away from women’s needs

Question 9

gender bias
EVALUATION
LIMMITATION
methodology

Answer 9

differences between genders may be down to the method not gender bias
rosenthal= reviewed research, found male researchers were more pleasant, friendly & encouraging towards females so men performed less well
hard to make conclusions about gender differences when gender bias occurs

Question 10

gender bias
EVALUATION
STRENGTH
reflexivity

Answer 10

researchers can become aware of their own interpretations impact on the process
especially in qualitative research
less likely for concrete generalisations from research relating to gender

Question 11

gender bias
EVALUATION
LIMITATION
unchallenged theories

Answer 11

theories still remain unchallenged that are affected by gender bias
e.g darwins theory of sexual selection= males compete for females vs females who are more picky as reproducing has higher costs for women
vernimmen= females are as competitive as males
still a long way to go in ridding gender bias