1. Gender and Culture in Psychology Flashcards
define gender bias
when one gender is treated less favourably than the other
name examples of gender bias
- scientifically misleading
- enforce stereotypes
- validating sex discrimination
name the three examples of gender bias
- alpha bias
- beta bias
- androcentrism
define alpha bias
where differences between females and males are over exaggerated due to different characteristics
define beta bias
where the differences between females and males are minimised, where research is applied to the other gender without additional research
define androcentrism
where you regard male behaviour as normal and so think female behaviour is inferior
what are the positive consequences of alpha bias
- it has led to Gilligan asserting the worth of feminine qualities
- led to healthy criticism of men’s behaviour which can be seen as aggressive
what are the positive consequences of beta bias
- makes genders seem the same which has helped ensure equal opportunity, such as education or salary
what are the negative consequences of alpha bias
- ignores how genders differ within each other
- can sustain prejudice and stereotypes
what are the negative consequences of beta bias
- draws attention from the difference between men and women
- can result in major misrepresentations of both genders
define culture bias
where you apply findings conducted in one culture to another when they may not be directly applied
define an emic approach
when an investigation about a culture, is investigated within the culture
what are the strengths of an emic approach
- ecological validity as the findings are less likely to be distorted
define etics
a theoretical idea that is assumed to apply to all cultures, due to most humans being similar, the behaviour is shaped by the culture
define ethnocentrism
when a researcher assumes their own cultural ideas are right/ natural
