1. fundamentals of programming

Question 1

array

Answer 1

a data structure for storing a finite, ordered set of data of the same data type within a single identifier

Question 2

boolean

Answer 2

a data type that can only store one of two possible values (true or false)

Question 3

character

Answer 3

a data type for storing a letter, number or special character

Question 4

real/float

Answer 4

a data type for storing numbers with decimal or fractional parts

Question 5

integer

Answer 5

a data type for storing whole number values (positive or negative) with no decimal parts.

Question 6

data type

Answer 6

an attribute of data that determines what sort of data is being stored that tells the compiler how it will be used in a program

Question 7

date/time

Answer 7

a data type for storing date or time values in an identifiable format

Question 8

records

Answer 8

a data structure that stores related data items in elements called fields, organised based on attributes

Question 9

string

Answer 9

a data type for storing a sequence of alphanumeric characters or symbols within quotation marks

Question 10

algorithm

Answer 10

is a set of rules or a sequence of steps specifying how to solve a problem

Question 11

pseucode

Answer 11

a sort of half way house between english and program statements

Question 12

comments

Answer 12

anything following # will be treated as a comment and will have no effect on the running of the program.

they can explain how any tricky bits of the program work.

Question 13

user-defined data types

Answer 13

custom data types designed by the user by combining existing data types, for the bespoke needs of their program

Question 14

aassignment

Answer 14

a statement in which a value is assigned to a variable

Question 15

constant declaration

Answer 15

a statement for creating a constant in a program.

Question 16

iteration

Answer 16

a programming structure where a set of statements are repeated a fixed number of time (definite iteration), or until a condition is met (indefinite iteration)

Question 17

indefinite iteration

Answer 17

where the iteration continues until some specified condition is met e.g. while loops

Question 18

definite iteration

Answer 18

where the number of times the loop is to be executed is decided in advance e.g. for loop

Question 19

nested iteration

Answer 19

a programming structure of placing selection statements within other selection statements

Question 20

selection

Answer 20

a programming structure for deciding which statements to perform next based on a certain condition or set of conditions

Question 21

subroutines

Answer 21

a named section/block of code that is written to perform a specific task within a program that can be called by using its name in a programming statement

Question 22

variable declaration

Answer 22

a statement for creating a variable in a program

Question 23

addition

Answer 23

an arithmetic operator that returns the sum of two numeric values

Question 24

arithmetic operator

Answer 24

an operator that takes two numeric values and performs some form of mathematical manipulation (adding, subtracting, multiplying, dividing) to return a numerical value

Question 25

exponentiation

Answer 25

an arithmetic operator that raises a numeric value to the power of another numeric value and returns the result

Question 26

integer division

Answer 26

an arithmetic operator that divides a numeric value (integer or float) by another but returns an integer quotient

Question 27

modulo

Answer 27

an arithmetic operator that divides a numeric value (integer or float) by another and returns the remainder

Question 28

multiplication

Answer 28

an arithmetic operator that returns the product of two numeric values (integer or float)

Question 29

real/float division

Answer 29

an arithmetic operator that divides a numeric value (integer or float) by another and returns a real/float

Question 30

rounding

Answer 30

an arithmetic operator that converts a real/float to a more approximate representation that reduces the number of digits, to represent the number by rounding up or down to a given number of decimal places