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Pelvic Manipulation > 1. Functional Anatomy Of The Pelvis > Flashcards

1. Functional Anatomy Of The Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

SI pain is often described by the patient as _____

A

Low back pain

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2
Q

What kind of joint is the SI?

A

Diarthrosis

Synovial

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3
Q

What kind of joint is the pubic symphysis?

A

Fibrocartilaginous

Amphiarthrosis

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4
Q

The SI joint is boot shaped. The upper half (leg) of the blood articulates at the level of ______

A

S1

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5
Q

The SI joint is boot shaped. The lower half (foot) of the blood articulates at the level of ______

A

S2-S3

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6
Q

The sacral surface of the SI joint (S1-S3) is covered in _____

A

Hyaline cartilage

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7
Q

The cartilage covering which SI joint surface is 3 times thicker.

A

Sacral surface is three times thicker than iliac surface

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8
Q

The iliac surface of the SI joint is covered in _____ cartilage

A

Fibro

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9
Q

The sacral surface of the SI joint is what shape?

A

Has a central groove/concavity

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10
Q

The iliac surface of the SI joint is what shape?

A

Has central ridge or convexity

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11
Q

The sacral surface of the SI joint is ____ shape superior to inferior and ____ shape anterior to posterior

A

wedge, S

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12
Q

What is the large rough bony surface for ligamentous attachment for the SI joint and where is it located?

A

Iliac tuberosity, located superior and posterior to iliac surface of SI joint

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13
Q

Describe SI joints at birth

A

joints undeveloped, smooth and flat, glide in any direction; stability provided by ligaments

Start to develop with walking

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14
Q

Do male or female teens have more pronounced roughening of surfaces and development of grooves and ridges in the SI joint?

A

Male

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15
Q

What does joint surface erosion and possible osteoarthritis begin in the SI joint?

A

In the 3rd and 4th decades of life

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16
Q

The osteoarthritis that begins to occur in the 3rd and 4th decade of life occurs on which surface of the SI joint and why?

A

Iliac surface, because the cartilage is a third the thickness of the sacral surface

17
Q

When does osteoarthritis develop on the sacral surface of the SI joint?

A

5th and 6th decade

18
Q

Other than osteoarthritis, what other dysfunction of the SI joint can develop in the 5th and 6th decades of life?

A

Joint adhesion
Osteocytes
Fusion

19
Q

There is a high prevalence of bony ankylosis in the 7th decade and beyond. What is the prevalence in males vs. females?

A

Male 27.7%

Females 2.3%

20
Q

There is a high prevalence of bony ankylosis in the 7th decade and beyond in men and it appears to be age dependent. What percentage of males 20-39 years of age have it?

A

5.8%

21
Q

There is a high prevalence of bony ankylosis in the 7th decade and beyond in men and it appears to be age dependent. What percentage of males 60-79 years of age have it?

A

31.1

22
Q

There is a high prevalence of bony ankylosis in the 7th decade and beyond in men and it appears to be age dependent. What percentage of males 80+ years of age have it?

A

46.7%

23
Q

Fusion of the SI joint mainly occurs in the _____ part.

A

Superior

24
Q

What is the function of intrinsic SI ligaments?

A

bind sacrum to the ilium, limit movement and provide significant
support.

25
Q

What are the intrinsic ligaments of the SI joint?

A

Posterior SI ligament (includes interosseous and dorsal ligaments)
Anterior SI ligament
Joint capsule

26
Q

Which of the posterior sacroiliac ligaments is the major posterior stabilizer?

A

Interosseous

The dorsal ligaments are smaller and not as critical

27
Q

The dorsal ligaments of the SI joint limit _____ movement of the sacral base?

A

Anterior/nutation

28
Q

The dorsal ligament of the SI joint span from where to where?

A

The sacrum to the PSIS and iliac tuberosity

29
Q

The anterior SI ligament is a thickening of the ____

A

Anterior joint capsule

30
Q

The joint capsule is more developed ______

A

Anteriorly

31
Q

What are the extrinsic ligaments of the SI joint?

A

Sacrotuberous

Sacrospinous

32
Q

Where does the sacrotuberous ligament span?

A

From the sacrum to the ischial tuberosity

33
Q

What is the function of the extrinsic ligaments of the SI joint?

A

The sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments limit posterior movement of the sacral apex (nutation)

34
Q

Where does the sacro spinous ligament span?

A

From the inferior lateral edge of the scrum and the upper edge of the coccyx to the ischial spine

35
Q

What kind of cartilage is the interpubic disc of the pubic symphysis?

A

Fibrocartilaginous

36
Q

What muscles act on the SI joint?

A

None directly cross the joint and therefore none act on it directly, but many influence the mechanical behavior of the joint or respond to stresses applied to it including

  • erector spinae
  • QL
  • iliopsoas
  • piriformis
  • gluteals
37
Q

muscles can react to SI stress causing ____ and ____.

A

spasms, trigger points

38
Q

abnormal muscle tension may limit overall SI movement leading to _____

A

joint dysfunction

39
Q

What is the innervation of the SI joint?

A

Exact innervation is debated, but neural elements have been identified in the joint capsule and adjoining ligaments suggesting innervation for both pain and
proprioception

Pelvic Manipulation (8 decks)

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