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Physics IGCSE > (1) Forces and Motion > Flashcards

(1) Forces and Motion Flashcards

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1
Q

Plot and explain distance time graphs

A
  • If the gradient is getting steeper it means the speed is increasing/if the gradient is getting flatter it means the speed is decreasing.
  • Label axis
  • Origin always starts at zero
  • Line of best fit should go through as many points as possible

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2
Q

Know and use the relationship between average speed, distance moved and time take

A

average speed = distance moved/time taken
s = d/t

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3
Q

Practical

Investigate the motion of everyday objects such as a toy car or tennis ball

A

“C:\Users\iga.m\OneDrive - Oundle School\Pictures\Screenshots\physic light gate.png”

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Go to files with link to see practical

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4
Q

Know and use the relationship between acceleration, change in velocity and time taken

A

acceleration=change in velocity/time taken
a= (v-u)/t

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5
Q

Plot and explain velocity time graphs

A

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Go to OneNote 3phR and go to motions page 20221010 V-T graphs

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6
Q

Determine acceleration from the gradient of a velocity-time graph

A

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7
Q

Determine the distance travelled from the area between a velocity-time graph and the time axis

A

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8
Q

Use the relationship between final speed, initial speed, acceleration and distance moved

A
  • (final speed)² = (initial speed)² + (2 x acceleration x distance moved)
  • v² = u² + (2 x a x s)
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9
Q

Describe the effects of forces between bodies such as changes in speed, shape or direction

A
  • Changes in speed: Forces can cause bodies to speed up or slow down.
  • Changes in direction: Forces can cause bodies to change their direction of travel.
  • Changes in shape: Forces can cause bodies to stretch, compress, or deform.
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10
Q

Identify different types of force such as gravitational or electrostatic

A

Contact Forces:
* Friction
* Air resistance
* Tension
* Normal reaction force
* Upthrust
* Thrust

Non-Contact Forces:
* Gravitational force
* Magnetic force
* Electrostatic force

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11
Q

Understand how vector quantities differ from scalar quantities

A

A vector quantity is a quantity with both magnitude and direction.
A scalar quantity is a quantity with only magnitude

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12
Q

Understand that force is a vector quantity (+ all the vector and scalar quantities)

Everything in brackets is not specified in spec sheet.

A

Scalar quantities:
* Density
* Temperature
* Area
* Volume
* Energy
* Mass
* Speed
* Distance
* Length
* Pressure

Vector Quantities:
* Velocity
* Force
* Acceleration
* Weight
* Displacement

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13
Q

Calculate the resultant force
of forces that act along a line

A

Go to page one introduction of forces

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14
Q

Know that friction is a force that ____ motion

A

opposes

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15
Q

Know and use the relationship between unbalanced force, mass and acceleration

A

force = mass x acceleration
f = m x a

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16
Q

Know and use the relationship between weight, mass and gravitational field strength

A

weight = mass x gravitation field strength
w = m x g

17
Q

Know that the stopping distance of a vehicle is made up of the sum of the ???????? distance and the ??????? distance

A
  1. Stopping
  2. Braking
18
Q

Describe the factors affecting vehicle stopping distance, including speed, mass, road condition and reaction time

A

Speed:
* The faster the speed the longer the length traveled in the thinking and braking distances.

Mass:
* The heavier the vehicle the longer the length traveled in the thinking and braking distances.

Road Condition:
* Condition of brakes
* Condition of tyres
* Ice/rain on roads

Reaction Time:
* Alcohol - dulls senses
* Drugs - dulls senses
* Tiredness - dulls senses
* Distractions - reduces reaction time

19
Q

Describe the forces acting on falling objects (and explain why falling objects reach a terminal velocity)

A

Weight of object ↓and Air resistance ↑ (Falling objects reach a terminal velocity when the air resistance has the same force as the weight of object meaning the object won’t accelerate anymore).

20
Q

Practical

Investigate how extension varies with applied force for helical springs, metal wires and rubber bands

A

extension is directly proportional to applied force

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21
Q

Know that the initial linear region of a force-extension graph is associated with ?????? ???

A

Hooke’s Law

22
Q

Hooke’s Law

A

The extension of a spring is directly proportional to the force applied, provided that the limit of proportionality is not exceeded.

23
Q

Elastic behaviour

A

The ability of a material to recover its original shape after the forces causing deformation have been removed.

24
Q

Know and use the relationship between momentum, mass and velocity

A

momentum = mass x velocity
p = m x v

25
Q

Use the idea of momentum to explain safety features

A

Seatbelts are stretchy to increase the time taken so it can decrease the force of the impact

Not really sure probably have to redo card

26
Q

Use the conservation of momentum to calculate the mass, velocity or momentum of objects

A

Total momentum of the objects before the collision = Total momentum of the objects after the collision

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27
Q

Use the relationship between force, change in momentum and time taken

A

force = change in momentum/time taken
F = (mv - mu)/t

28
Q

Demonstrate an understanding of Newton’s third law

A

‘If an object A exerts a force on an object B, then object B will exert and equal and opposite force back on object A’

Example in 4th form OneNote page, Forces, class notes, Page i

29
Q

Know and use the relationship between the momentum of a force and its perpendicular distance from the pivot

A

moment = force x perpendicular distance from the pivot

30
Q

Know that the weight of the body acts through its ??????? ?? ???????

A

Centre of gravity

31
Q

Use the principle of momemts for a simple system of parallel forces acting in one plan

A

???

Fill in when i know what it is

32
Q

Understand how the upward forces on a light beam, supported at its ends, vary with the position of a heavy object placed on the beam

A

Not learn add later

Physics IGCSE (7 decks)

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