1 - Elements And The Periodic Table Flashcards
What does the total mass number of an atom mean?
-how many things are inside the nucleus (protons and neutrons)
What are the charges and relative masses of protons, neutrons and electrons?
Proton mass: 1
Proton charge: +1
Neutron mass: 1
Neutron charge: 0
Electron mass: 1/2000*
Electron charge: -1
What is an element?
A substance that is made from only one type of atom
What is the electronic configuration of….. Eg N^14 7
2,5
Why are the overall charges of atoms’ 0?
-because the number of protons and electrons are the same
What is an ion?
-a charged atom
Do metals lose or gain electrons?
Do non-metals lose or gain electrons?
- metals lose electrons and become positive ions
- non-metals gain electrons and become negative ions
What is an ionic bond and where do they happen?
It is when an atom gains or loses electrons to form a full outer shell
-happens from a metal to a non metal
What does covalent bonding occur between?
Two non-metals
What is covalent bonding?
The pairs of electrons shared by atoms
In order to gain stability
What are reactants and products?
Reactants are the things reacting together while the products are the things being produced
How did Mendeleev organise the elements?
By their relative atomic mass
Why did Mendeleev’s table have gaps?
For the elements that were still unknown
What could Mendeleev predict from the gaps?
The atom’s properties e.g density
What does the group number mean?
How many electrons there are in the outer shell