1 - Drugs Acting on CNS Flashcards
GABA is what type of neurotransmitter?
Inhibitory neurotransmitter that’s also an amino acid
GABA Receptors (2)
GABA-A (ionotropic, fast response)
GABA-B (metabotropic, GPCR/2nd messengers, slow response)
Glycine is what type of neurotransmitter is seen where (2) ?
Inhibitory neurotransmitter with limited distribution
Local interneurons in the spinal cord and brain stem
Glutamate is what type of neurotransmitter with what type of receptors?
Excitatory neurotransmitter with ionotropic and metabotropic receptors
Glutamate Ionotropic Receptors: KA (Kainate) Locations (3) and MOA (1)
Hippocampus, Cerebellum, Spinal Cord
Mediate fast depolarization
Glutamate Ionotropic Receptors: AMPA Location (1) and MOA (1)
Present on all neurons
Mediate fast depolarization
Glutamate Ionotropic Receptors: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) Location (1), MOA (1) and is permeable to what? (1)
Present on all neurons in the CNS
Long Term Potentiation (long term memory)
Permeable to Ca2+, so there’s Ca2+ influx
Glutamate Metabotropic Receptors (3)
I, II, and III
Acetylcholine: Cells, Locations, and Receptors
Renshaw cells in spinal cord
Neurons in the neostriatum, medial septal nucleus, reticular formation
M1 (excite), M2 (inhibition), and Nm (excite)
Dopamine: Type of Neurotransmitter Location, Predominance, and Receptors
Inhibitory neurotransmitter, slow because it’s metabotropic
Substantia nigra –> neostriatum
Ventral Tegmental Region –> limbic cortex
D1 - D5
Norepinephrine: Type of Neurotransmitter (1) Locations (4) and Function (2)
Excitatory transmitter
Hypothalamus
Limbic System
Reticular Formation
Function: Attention and arousal
Norepinephrine: Alpha-1, Beta MOA
Enhances excitatory inputs by both indirect (inhibition of inhibitory neurons) and direct mechanisms (blocking K+ conductance)
Norepinephrine: Alpha-2 is?
Inhibitory
5HT: Locations
Neurons in the raphe or midline regions of the pons and upper brain stem
5HT: Receptors, which are inhibitory and which are excitatory
5HT1, 5HT2, 5HT3, 5HT4
5HT1, 2, and 4 are INHIBITORY
5HT3 is EXCITATORY/ionotropic –> directly coupled to an ion channel, so no second messanger
What are the peptides/co-transmitters (4)
Enkephalins
Endorphins
Neurotensin
Substance P
Actions of Drugs in the CNS (3)
CNS Stimulants
CNS Depressants
Drugs that selectively modify CNS function
CNS Stimulants: ADHD Drugs (4)
Amphetamine
Dextroamphetamine
Methamphetamine
Methylphenidate
CNS Stimulants: Narcolepsy/Shift Work Sleep Disroder (SWSD) Drugs (1)
Modafinil
CNS Stimulants: Local Anesthetic (1)
Cocaine
