1. Diet

Question 1

Value of combustion of protein

Answer 1

17 KJ/g (4kcal/g)

Question 2

Value of combustion of carbohydrates

Answer 2

17 KJ/g

Question 3

Value of combustion of alcohol

Answer 3

29 KJ/g (7kcal/g)

Question 4

Value of combustion of fats

Answer 4

37 KJ/g (9kcal/g)

Question 5

Essential amino acids (the body cannot synthesise these, so required in the diet) are?

Answer 5

TV TILL PM

• Tryptophan
• Valine
• Threonine
• Isoleucine
• Leucine
• Lysine
• Phenylalanine
• Methionine
• Histidine in children

Question 6

What is Kwashiorkor & Marasmus disease?

Answer 6

Disease as a result of severe protein deficiency. Bloating. Lack of essential amino acid(s).

Question 7

Symptoms of Kwashiorkor & Marasmus disease?

Answer 7

Depression Stunted growth Weight loss Oedema Hair and skin issues

Question 8

Why do we display a protein deficit after a physical injury e.g bone fracture?

Answer 8

Increased adrenocortical hormone secretion, increases nitrogen secretion

Question 9

Fat-soluble vitamins

Answer 9

ADEK

Question 10

Fat deficiency in humans is…

Answer 10

Uncommon - may occur after intestinal surgery as a result of malabsorption

Question 11

Fat deficiency in lower animals leads to…

Answer 11

Scaling and exudative skin

Question 12

What is linoleic acid essential for?

Answer 12

Prostaglandin formation

Question 13

Explain the importance of carbohydrates with respect to protein

Answer 13

Needed to prevent ketoacidosis and also to spare protein from being metabolised which can effect cellular function

Question 14

Which “Western” diseases are attributed to a lack of dietary fibre?

Answer 14

Colonic carcinoma Intestinal malfunction

Question 15

What sources insoluble fibre and what is it’s purpose?

Answer 15

Undigested cell walls (seeds) Stimulates peristalsis and pyloric wall distension

Question 16

What sources soluble fibre and what is it’s purpose?

Answer 16

Viscous - from fruit, veg and pulses Lowers blood cholesterol and protects against CVD

Question 17

What is the energy requirement of a sedentary lifestyle (lifestyle involving little or no physical activity)?

Answer 17

Basal metabolic rate (BMR) x 1.4

Question 19

Non-essential amino acids

Answer 19

All the ones given that are not essential.

Question 20

What does the nutritional value of a protein depend on?

Answer 20

The content of essential amino acids

Question 21

Examples of nutritionally complete proteins vs nutritionally partial proteins?

Answer 21

Most animal protein is nutritionally complete but plant proteins are nutritionally partial as they are deficient in essential amino acids.