1. Data, Bandwidth & Information

Question 1

Data size - measured in

Answer 1

8 bit words
KB - 1000 decimal - 1024 binary - 2^10
MB - 1000^2 (1,000,000) - 1,048,576 - 2^20
GB - 1000^3 (1,000,000,000) - 1,073,741,824 - 2^30
TB - 1000^4 (1,000,000,000,000) - 1,099,511,627,776 - 2^40
PB - 1000^5(1,000,000,000,000,000) - 1,125,899,906,842,620 - 2^50

Question 2

Bandwidth

Answer 2

Rate at which information can be transmitted

Question 3

bps

Answer 3

bits per second

Question 4

baud rate

Answer 4

modulation rate - number of symbol changes (waveform changes or signalling events) made to the transmission medium per second using a digitally modulated signal or a line code
Bd - symbols/second - symbol rate
line code - pulse/second - pulse rate
Bd not same as
bit/second - gross bitrate

Question 5

Improvement in communication bandwidth due to

Answer 5

Information theory
Processing power
Signal processing and Infrastructure

Question 6

examples of growth

Answer 6

1970 - phone - 300bps
1990 - modem - 4800bps
1999 - network card - 56Kbps
2006+ - modem - 8Mbps
GSM Modem - 9.6Kbps
GPRS - 56Kbps
UMTS - 384Kbps
HSPDA - 3.6Mbps
bluetooth - 1Mbps
WiFi - 54Mbps

Question 7

GSM

Answer 7

Global system for Mobile Communications standard (Groupe Special Mobile) - 2G digital cellular networks
Replaces 1G analogue
9.6kbit/s

Question 8

GPRS

Answer 8

General Packet Radio Services for packet data transport

56Kbps

Question 9

EDGE

Answer 9

Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution or EGPRS) for packet data transport
IMT (Int Mob Telcomm) Single Carrier, based on GSM

Question 10

UMTS

Answer 10

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System - 3G based on GSM standard
Uses wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA) radio access technology to offer greater spectral and bandwidth to mobile network operators.
Tech in UMTS also referred to as FOMA - Freedom of Mobile Multimedia Access or 3GSM

Question 11

UMTS specifies:

Answer 11

entire network;
radio access system
core network
authentication of users via SIM
Transfer rate of 384kbit/s

Question 12

SIM

Answer 12

Subscriber Identity Module

Question 13

HSPDA

Answer 13

High-Speed Downlink Packet Access - 3G+ up to 3.6Mbit/s

Question 14

Bluetooth

Answer 14

wireless tech standard for short distances m2m or PAN
using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the ISM band 2.4 to 2.485 GHz
Invented by Ericsson in 1994
Standardised as IEEE 802.15.1
1Mbps

Question 15

WiFi

Answer 15

LAN wireless tech to exchange data or connect to internet using 2.4GHz UHF and 5GHz SHF radio waves
Any WLAN based on IEEE 802.11
54Mbps

Question 16

UHF

Answer 16

Ultra High Frequency

Question 17

SHF

Answer 17

Super High Frequency

Question 18

Bandwidth Growth for underwater equipment

Answer 18

Underwater Acoustic Modem - 100bps

Optical Fibre - 14Tbps over 160km

Question 19

Modem

Answer 19

Mo-dulator dem-odulator

Question 20

Mobile video conferencing

Answer 20

Screen size 240x320px
256 different colours per pixel
10 frames per second
1px = 8bits
1screen = 8x240x320=614Kbits
Bandwidth = 10x614=6.14Mbps