1. Data and Computerised Information System Process Flashcards
What is the basic flow diagram associated with data processing?
Activities -> data input -> processing -> data output -> making decisions
When are better decisions made?
When there is easy access to information
What is the Mneumonic for the characteristic of information?
Are all computers easy for real robots simply starter test vehicles?
What are the characteristics that information should have?
- Accessible
- Accurate
- Complete
- Economical
- Flexible
- Reliable
- Relevant
- Simple
- Secure
- Timely
- Verifiable
What is raw data?
Data in the form of hard copy or input in the CSI, but h not yet been processed
Is raw data valuable?
Not until it has been processed
What are the characteristics that raw data must be?
- Accurate
- Complete
- Reliable
- Verifiable
What is the quality of information linked to?
The quality of raw data that been inputed
What is information?
Raw data that has been processed
What is a source document?
The first recorded document of an activity
What are the two methods that data can be input into the CIS?
- Batch input
2. Online input
When raw data is captured, she does it go?
The CIS transaction file
What is batch input?
Where similar source documents are grouped together and then input into the CIS periodically
When is batch input used?
When huge numbers of source documents are captured and info is only needed at the same frequency as data capturing
What is the advantage of batch input?
Economies of scale, because data is captured at one point instead of being dispersed
What is the disadvantage of batch input?
The CIS is not always up to date all the time
What is online input?
It is the immediate capture of data at the point of sale
What is an example of online input?
Supermarkets use barcodes and terminals to capture data immediately
What is the main advantage of online input?
The CIS is up to date immediately
What is the disadvantage of online input?
It costs more because of the required hardware
What are the different methods of processing data?
- Classifying data
- Performing calculations
- Sorting data
- Summarizing data
- Transforming data
What is classifying data?
Sorting data into certain categories. E.g. Cash or credit sales
What is performing calculations of data
?
What is sorting data?
Putting it into an orderly sequence
What is summarizing data?
Condensing it to fit a certain criteria
What is transforming data?
Turning it into a graph etc.
What are the processing types?
- Batch processing
2. Real-time processing
What is batch processing?
When the transaction files are processed into master files periodically at certain points
What is the disadvantage of batch processing?
The master files are only up to date when they are periodically updated
What is real-time processing?
The transaction files are immediately updated to master files
What is an advantage of real-time processing?
The master files are always up to date
What are the two types of output?
- Batch output
2. Interactive output
What is batched output?
All requests are batched together and received periodically
What is a disadvantage of batch output?
User have to usually wait for their information
What are the advantages of batch outputs?
- Reports will be consistent all the time
2. Extraction of reports can be scheduled over downtime therefore optimizing computer resources
What is interactive output?
Where the users can access the CIS and retrieve information at any point
What is a drawback of interactive output?
Computer resources may not be used efficiently
What is a flat file environment?
Where the users of data have their own files and do not share information with each other.
E.g. Spreadsheet users that each have their own
