Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

[LU VI] Family/Community Medicine > [1] Common Ambulatory Care Cases > Flashcards

[1] Common Ambulatory Care Cases Flashcards

1
Q

A diagnosis of Dyspepsia requires at least this duration of time

A

2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Alarm Features of Dyspepsia (14)

A
  1. Age at Onset > 55
  2. Weight Loss
  3. Anemia
  4. Hematemesis
  5. Melena
  6. Hematochezia
  7. Dysphagia
  8. Odynophagia
  9. Persistent Vomiting
  10. Abdominal Mass
  11. Jaundice
  12. Chronic NSAID Intake
  13. Chronic Alcohol Intake
  14. Previous History of Ulcer
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

[Treatment]

Dyspepsia

A

2-4 weeks PPI, 1 tab OD before breakfast

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

[Watch Out For]

Dyspepsia

A
  1. Increased abdominal pain
  2. Alarm symptoms
  3. Absence of improvement after >7 days of treatment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

[Alternative Medical Treatments]

Dyspepsia

A
  1. H2-RA Antagonists (e.g. Ranitidine)

2. Antacids (e.g. Aluminum + Magnesium Hydroxide or Alginates)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

[Non-Pharmacologic Treatment]

Dyspepsia

A
  1. Small frequent feedings
  2. Avoid skipping meals
  3. Avoid alcohol, milk, tea, carbonated drinks, coffee, acidic food/beverages
  4. Avoid smoking
  5. Head elevation at bedtime
  6. Last meal 2 hours before bedtime
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How much zinc supplementation should you give to a patient suffering from diarrhea who is 2-6 months old?

A

1/2 tablet daily for 14 days

Zinc = 20mg/tab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How much zinc supplementation should you give to a patient suffering from diarrhea who is 6 months or older?

A

1 tablet daily for 14 days

Zinc = 20mg/tab

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Based off JNC7/8 Guidelines, how do you differentiate Hypertensive Urgency from Hypertensive Emergency?

A

Urgency: BP > 180/120 without end organ damage

Emergency: BP > 180/120 with evidence of impending or progressive target organ damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How quickly should you lower a patients BP if he is experiencing Hypertensive Urgency?

A

Lower BP within 2-3 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How quickly should you lower a patients BP if he is experiencing Hypertensive Emergency?

A

Lower BP no more than 25% of MAP in minutes to 1 hour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis is probable with a CFU/mL count of?

A

> 100 CFU/mL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis is probable with a wbc/hpf count of?

A

> = 5 wbc/hpf

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

[Treatment]

Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis

A

Nitrofurantoin 100mg tab BID for 5 days

Fosfomycin 3g sachet in 1/2 glass water SD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

[Dosage]

Cotrimoxazole for AUC

A

160/800mg BID for 3 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

[Symptoms]

Acute Pyelonephritis

A 
Fever (>38C)
Chills
Flank Pain
CVA Tenderness
Nausea
Vomiting 
\+/- Lower UTI Symptoms
17
Q

Acute Pyelonephritis is probable with a CFU/mL count of?

A

> 10,000 CFU/mL

18
Q

Acute Pyelonephritis is probable with a wbc/hpf count of?

A

> 5 wbc/hpf

19
Q

[Indications for Admission]

Acute Pyelonephritis

A
  1. Inability to maintain oral hydration or take medications
  2. Concern about compliance
  3. Uncertainty about diagnosis
  4. Severe illness with high fever, severe pain, marked debility
  5. Signs of Sepsis
20
Q

[Pharmacologic Treatment]

Acute Pyelonephritis

A

Ceftriaxone 1g IM/IV SD

21
Q

How do you diagnose Asymptomatic Bacteriuria in Adults?

A

> 100,000 CFU/mL of one or more uropathogens in two consecutive midstream urine specimen or in one catheterized urine specimen in the absence of symptoms attributable to UTI

22
Q

[UTI in Pregnancy]

When must pregnant women be screened?

A

First prenatal visit between 9 - 17 weeks AOG

23
Q

[UTI in Pregnancy]

Test of choice to diagnose UTI in Pregnancy

A

Clean catch midstream urine

24
Q

[Pharmacologic Treatment]

UTI in Pregnancy

A

Co-amoxiclav
Cephalexin
Nitrofurantoin (not for those near term)
Cotrimoxazole (not in 1st and 3rd trimester)

25
Q

What is the definition of Recurrent UTI?

A

Episodes of acute uncomplicated UTI documented by urine culture occurring >2x/year in a non-pregnant woman with no known urinary tract abnormality

26
Q

Complicated UTI

A
  1. Presence of Indwelling Catheter/Intermittent Catheterization
  2. Incomplete emptying of bladder with >100mL retained urine post-voiding
  3. Obstructive Uropathy due to bladder outlet obstruction, calculus and other causes
  4. Renal Transplant
  5. Diabetes Mellitus
  6. UTI in Males, except in young males presenting exclusively with lower UTI symptoms
27
Q

Significant Bacteruria in Complicated UTI is defined as?

A

> 100,000 CFU/mL

28
Q

[Pharmacologic Treatment]

Complicated UTI

A

Oral Fluoroquinolones for 7-14 days

29
Q

UTI in males is generally considered to be complicated, when is it NOT considered complicated UTI?

A

1st episode of symptomatic LUTS occurring in young (15-40 y/o) healthy sexually active men with no clinical/historical evidence of structural/functional urologic abnormality

30
Q

[Pharmacologic Treatment]

UTI in Males

A

TMP-SMZ/Fluoroquinolones 7 day regimen

31
Q

What are the different criteria for Moderate-Risk CAP

A
  1. RR >= 30
  2. PR >= 125
  3. Temp >= 40 or
32
Q

What are the different criteria for High Risk CAP

A

Any of the criteria under moderate risk CAP + Severe Sepsis/Septic Shock

33
Q

[Pharmacologic Therapy]

Low Risk CAP w/o Comorbidities

A

Amoxicillin or Extended Macrolides (Suspected atypical pathogen)

34
Q

[Pharmacologic Therapy]

Low Risk CAP w/ Comorbidities

A

B-lactam/B-lactamase Inhibitor (BLIC) or Second-Generation Oral Cephalosphorins +/- Extended Macrolides

35
Q

[Pharmacologic Therapy]

Moderate Risk CAP

A

IV Non-Antipseudomonal BLIC + Extended Macrolide

or

IV Non-Antipseudomonal BLIC + Respiratory Fluoroquinolones

36
Q

[Pharmacologic Therapy]

High Risk CAP w/o Risk for P. aeruginosa

A

IV Non-Antipseudomonal BLIC + IV Extended Macrolide/IV Respiratory Fluoroquinolone

37
Q

[Pharmacologic Therapy]

High Risk CAP w/ Risk for P. aeruginosa

A

IV Antipneumococcal Antipseudomonal BLIC + IV Extended Macrolide + Aminoglycoside

or

IV Antipneumococcal Antipseudomonal BLIC + IV Ciprofloxacin/Levofloxacin (High Dose)

[LU VI] Family/Community Medicine (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions