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BDS3 PERIODONTOLOGY > 1 - Classification of Periodontal Disease > Flashcards

1 - Classification of Periodontal Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of periodontal health?

A
  • intact periodontium
  • patients with reduced periodontium due to causes other than periodontitis
  • patients with a reduced periodontium due to periodontitis
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2
Q

Define gingival heath.

A
  • intact periodontium
  • absence of BOP, oedema, erythema, symptoms, and loss of attachment or loss of bone levels
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3
Q

What are healthy bone levels?

A

Range from 1.0 - 3.0 mm apical to cemento-enamel junction

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4
Q

Define plaque induced gingivitis.

A
  • intact periodontium (or reduced due to non-perio reasons)
  • associated with biofilm alone
  • can be exacerbated by drugs or risk factors
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5
Q

Define localised BOP.

A

< 30 %

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6
Q

Define generalised BOP.

A

> 30 %

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7
Q

What are modifying factors of plaque induced gingivitis?

A
  • sex hormones (including pregnancy)
  • hyperglycaemia
  • leukemia
  • smoking
  • malnutrition
  • poor restoration margins
  • hyposalivation
  • drugs
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8
Q

What is a pregnancy epulis?

A

Mucogingival deformity

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9
Q

What are some common drugs that influence gingivitis?

A
  • immunosuppressants
  • antipsychotics
  • hypertension
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10
Q

What are common causes of non-plaque induced gingivitis?

A
  • genetic / developmental disorders
  • specific infections
  • inflammatory / immune conditions
  • reactive processes
  • neoplasms (cancer)
  • endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases
  • traumatic lesions
  • gingival pigmentation
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11
Q

Give an example of a genetic condition that causes non-plaque induced gingivitis.

A

Gingival fibromatosis

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12
Q

Give an example of an infection that causes non-plaque induced gingivitis.

A
  • herpetic gingival stomatitis
  • candida albicans
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13
Q

Give an example of an inflammatory condition that causes non-plaque induced gingivitis.

A
  • lichen planus
  • benign mucosal membrane pemphigoid (oral manifestation of systemic disease)
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14
Q

Give an example of a nutritional deficiency that causes non-plaque induced gingivitis.

A

Vitamin C

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15
Q

Define necrotising gingivitis.

A
  • no hard tissue involvement
  • rapidly destructive, non-communicable microbial disease caused by impaired host response
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16
Q

What are symptoms of necrotising gingivitis?

A
  • necrosis and ulcer in papilla
  • gingival bleeding
  • pain
  • halitosis
  • pseudomembrane formation
  • lymphadenopathy
17
Q

Define necrotising periodontitis.

A
  • NG with bone loss and LOA
  • bony sequestrum in severely immunocompromised patients
18
Q

What are predisposing factors for NG in adults?

A
  • HIV / AIDS
  • severe immunosuppressed conditions
19
Q

What are predisposing factors for NG in children?

A
  • severe viral infections
  • severe malnourishment
  • extreme living conditions
20
Q

What are predisposing factors for NP?

A
  • uncontrolled risks (stress/nutrition/smoking)
  • previous NP
  • local factors (root proximity/tooth malposition)
  • similar to factors for NG
21
Q

What is a common after NG?

A

Loss of dental papilla

22
Q

Define periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease.

A

Mainly rare diseases that affect the course of periodontitis resulting in the early presentation of severe periodontitis (ie increases the rate of periodontitis).

23
Q

Give examples of diseases that can progress periodontitis.

A
  • papillon lefevre syndrome
  • leucocyte adhesion deficiency
  • hypophosphatasia
  • Down’s syndrome
  • Ehlers-Danlos
24
Q

How does papillon leferve syndrome manifest?

A

Severe periodontitis in deciduous dentition

25
Q

Define systemic diseases (or conditions) affecting the periodontal tissues.

A

Mainly rare conditions affecting the periodontal tissues independently of dental plaque induced inflammation.

26
Q

Give examples of diseases that falsely manifest as periodontitis.

A
  • squamous cell carcinoma
  • Langerhans cell histocytosis
27
Q

How does diabetes affect periodontitis?

A
  • acts as a risk factor
  • adds to the multifactorial nature of periodontitis
  • involved in clinical staging and grading
28
Q

Define recession type 1.

A
  • RT1
  • recession in buccal/lingul regions
  • no loss of inter-proximal attachment
  • inter-proximal CEJ is not detectable
29
Q

Define recession type 2.

A
  • RT2
  • loss of inter-proximal attachment that is less than or equal to the buccal attachment loss
30
Q

Define recession type 3.

A
  • RT3
  • loss of inter-proximal attachment that is greater than buccal attachment loss

BDS3 PERIODONTOLOGY (7 decks)

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