1-C: Second set of very basic vocabulary Flashcards
Expand a little on ideas from the first, and add some key terms and placenames
Gàidhlig
f. Often a’ Gàidhlig, in many constructions.
Gaelic
of the Scottish sort
Gaelic
of the Scottish sort
Gàidhlig
f. Often a’ Gàidhlig, in many constructions.
dona
bad
bad
dona
sibh
you
(plural or formal)
As learned later, may take other forms depending on grammar, e.g. sibhse.
you
(plural or formal)
sibh
As learned later, may take other forms depending on grammar, e.g. sibhse.
e
he
he
e
i
she or it
she or it
i
uisge-beatha
m.
whisky
Literally “water [of] life”, same as “aqua vitae”, “akvavit”, “akevitt”, “okowita”, “akvavitti”, etc. in many European languages.
whisky
uisge-beatha
m.
Literally “water [of] life”, same as “aqua vitae”, “akvavit”, “akevitt”, “okowita”, “akvavitti”, etc. in many European languages.
peabar
f., gen. peabrach, pl. peabraichean
pepper
Chili or bell peppers, not black pepper.
The distinction between peabar and piobair (black pepper) is not actually well-maintained.
pepper
Chili or bell peppers, not black pepper.
peabar
f., gen. peabrach, pl. peabraichean
The distinction between peabar and piobair (black pepper) is not actually well-maintained.
cnoc
m.; pl. cnuic
Another word for it is sìth (f., gen. sìthe, pl. sìthean).
hill
hill
cnoc
m.; pl. cnuic.
Another “hill” word is sìth (f., gen. sìthe, pl. sìthean).
eilean
m.; gen. eilein, pl. eileanan
island, isle
island, isle
eilean
m.; gen. eilein, pl. eileanan
sràid
f.; gen. sràide, pl. sràidean
street
street
sràid
f.; gen. sràide, pl. sràidean
rathad
m.; gen. rathaid, pl. rathaidean
Alternative: ròd (m., gen ròid, pl. ròidean).
road
road
rathad
m.; gen. rathaid, pl. rathaidean
Alternative: ròd (m., gen ròid, pl. ròidean).
Albannach
comp. Albannaiche
/ALL-ə-pan-akh/
Scottish
both adj. (“of Scotland”) & n. (“Scottish person”).
Important! /ALL-ə-pan-akh/ has both the “helping vowel” and the /b/ → /p/ shift of Alba (“Scotland”, /ALL-ə-pə/) and other Scotland-related words.
Scottish
Albannach
comp. Albannaiche; both adj. (“of Scotland”) & n. (“Scottish person”).
Important! /ALL-ə-pan-akh/ has both the “helping vowel” and the /b/ → /p/ shift of Alba (“Scotland”, /ALL-ə-pə/) and other Scotland-related words.
Rìoghachd Aonaichte (RA),
an Rìoghachd Aonaichte
United Kingdom (UK),
the United Kingdom
United Kingdom (UK),
the United Kingdom
f.
Rìoghachd Aonaichte (RA),
an Rìoghachd Aonaichte
f.
Breatann
f.; gen. Breatainn or Breatainne
Britain
Britain
Breatann
f.; gen. Breatainn or Breatainne
Breatann Mhòr,
a’ Bhreatann Mhòr
f.; gen. Breatainn Mhòr, Breatainne Mòire
Great Britain
Great Britain
Breatann Mhòr,
a’ Bhreatann Mhòr
f.; gen. Breatainn Mhòr, Breatainne Mòire
Sasannach
m.; gen. & pl. Sasannaich, comp. Sasannaiche
English
The language: Beurla.
English
Sasannach
m.; gen. & pl. Sasannaich, comp. Sasannaiche
The language: Beurla.
ban-, bana-
f. As in: ban-Èireannach, bana-bharan. Causes lenition.
Which terms take bana- instead of ban- seems a bit arbitrary.
-woman, -ess
As in “Irishwoman”, “baroness”, etc.
-woman, -ess
As in “Irishwoman”, “baroness”, etc.
ban-, bana-
f. As in: ban-Èireannach, bana-bharan. Causes lenition.
Which terms take bana- instead of ban- seems a bit arbitrary.
bean
f., irregular: gen. mnà, pl. mnathan, gen. pl. ban
woman / wife
woman / wife
bean
f., irregular: gen. mnà, pl. mnathan, gen. pl. ban
fear
m., gen. & pl. fir
man
Specifically implies a male.
man
fear
m., gen. & pl. fir
Specifically implies a male.
duine
m., pl. daoine
husband (also man, person)
Unlike fear, can be used generically.
husband (also man, person)
duine
m., pl. daoine
Unlike fear, can be used generically.
cèile
m., pl. cèilean
partner, significant other, spouse
partner, significant other, spouse
cèile
m., pl. cèilean
ollamh
m., gen. ollaimh, pl. ollamhan
professor
Originally referred to a high-ranking bardic poet (filidh).
Anglicized proifeasair (m., pl. proifeasairean) may also occur, esp. in reference to foreign academics.
professor
ollamh
m.; gen. ollaimh, pl. ollamhan
Originally referred to a high-ranking bardic poet (filidh).
Anglicized proifeasair (m., pl. proifeasairean) may also occur, esp. in reference to foreign academics.
Dùn Èideann
Edinburgh
Capital of Scotland.
dùn = fort[ress]
Edinburgh
Dùn Èideann
Capital of Scotland.
dùn = fort[ress]
cèilidh
f., gen. cèilidhe, pl. cèilidhean
A “ceili”, a folk music and dance party
Literally means “visit” and can still mean that in some contexts.
A “ceili”, a folk music and dance party
cèilidh
f., gen. cèilidhe, pl. cèilidhean
Literally means “visit” and can still mean that in some contexts.
an, am, a’, na
the
Which to use depends on gender and first letter of the noun.
And na can serve several unrelated roles, depending on the grammar. You’ll learn these details later, but should at least be able to recognize these “the” words immediately since they are very frequent.
the
an, am, a’, na
Which to use depends on gender and first letter of the noun.
And na can serve several unrelated roles, depending on the grammar. You’ll learn these details later, but should at least be able to recognize these “the” words immediately since they are very frequent.
can
nom. cantainn
[to] say
Mnemonic: cognate with “cant”, “chant, “cantor”, “incantation”, etc.
There are other terms for this but with broader meanings, e.g. abair (irreg. nom. ràdh) “say, speak, tell, utter”, but we’ll get into that later. Can is useful enough to start with.
[to] say
can
nom. cantainn
Mnemonic: cognate with “cant”, “chant, “cantor”, “incantation”, etc.
There are other terms for this but with broader meanings, e.g. abair (irreg. nom. ràdh) “say, speak, tell, utter”, but we’ll get into that later. Can is useful enough to start with.
seo
pl. iad seo
this
pl. “these”
Seo has other uses. By itself, Seo! is one way of saying “Yes!/Sure!/Right!”
(Tha! is another, indicating “[It] is [so]”).
You’ll pick up more seo meanings later.
There are dialectal longer ways to say “this/these” (and they start with seo-) but don’t worry about them now.
this
pl. “these”
seo
pl. iad seo
Seo has other uses. By itself, Seo! is one way of saying “Yes!/Sure!/Right!”
(Tha! is another, indicating “[It] is [so]”).
You’ll pick up more seo meanings later.
There are dialectal longer ways to say “this/these” (and they start with seo-) but don’t worry about them now.
càr
m.; gen. càir, pl. càraichean
car, automobile
Confusingly, càr (gen. & pl. càir) can also mean “friend” or “relative”, but with a different plural, and there are other words for both.
car, automobile
càr
m.; gen. càir, pl. càraichean
Confusingly, càr (gen. & pl. càir) can also mean “friend” or “relative”, but with a different plural, and there are other words for both.
aonaichte
comp. same
united
adj.
Common in various country names and football/soccer team names.
Can also mean “integrated”.
Mnemonic: is actually cognate; the root is aonad, “unit”.
united
adj.
aonaichte
comp. same
Common in various country names and football/soccer team names.
Can also mean “integrated”.
Mnemonic: is actually cognate; the root is aonad, “unit”.
aonad
m.; gen. aonaid, pl. aonadan
unit
Used as a headword in various Gaelic-learning lesson plans. Also the root of a variety of words you’ll pick up later, for “unity”, “unitary”, “unitarian”, etc.; they’re all cognate with English versions.
unit
aonad
m.; gen. aonaid, pl. aonadan
Used as a headword in various Gaelic-learning lesson plans. Also the root of a variety of words you’ll pick up later, for “unity”, “unitary”, “unitarian”, etc.; they’re all cognate with English versions.
an Aonadh
m.; gen. an Aonaidh
the Union
(i.e., the UK)
Lower-case, aonadh (m., gen. aonaidh, pl. aonaidhean) may mean “union”, “unity”, “merger”; or “the act of uniting”, “the act of joining”, “the act of merging”.
the Union
(i.e., the UK)
an Aonadh
m.; gen. an Aonaidh
Lower-case, aonadh (m., gen. aonaidh, pl. aonaidhean) may mean “union”, “unity”, “merger”; or “the act of uniting”, “the act of joining”, “the act of merging”.
