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MMSC409 > 1. Blood Donation > Flashcards

1. Blood Donation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Collection and Processing of Routine Blood Donation?

A
  1. Whole Blood Collection
  2. Donor Processing per AABB and FDA
  3. Donor Labeling
  4. Donor Records
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2
Q

What does ISBT stand for?

A

International Society of Blood Transfusion

e.g. goal: to tell us that the unit number is unique to a donor

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3
Q

Whole Blood Collection: What is on the label?

A

Labels are regulated by FDA

  1. Classification of donor (volunteer or paid)
  2. Component name
  3. Name/quantity of anticoagulant
  4. Volume of blood collected
  5. Unique donor identification
  6. Name/address of collection facility
  7. Storage temperature
  8. Expiration date
  9. ABO and Rh0(D)
  10. Results of unusual tests performed
  11. Instructions or precautions for use
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4
Q

What can you tell about the unit by the unit number?

A
  1. Donation ID number
  2. Facility Information
  3. ISBT 128 Product Code
  4. ISBT Product Information
  5. ISBT 128 Blood Type Code
  6. ABO/Rh Blood Group
  7. Expiration Date
  8. Special Testing
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5
Q

Whole Blood Collection: The Verification Process

A
  • Reconfirm ABO/RH testing on segment from original bag

- Double-check ABO (Rh) type against labeled unit by retyping a segment

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6
Q

Donor Records: What must you check/track?

A
  • Maintain a file with pertinent donor info
  • Permanent “deferral file” must be kept
  • Lookback documents
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7
Q

Donor Records: Why do we have lookback documents?

A

To be able to track final disposition of all donated blood products
e.g. transfused blood, discarded blood (can be used for further manufacturing)

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8
Q

What are the Special Donor Categories?

A
  • Autologous
  • Directed
  • Apheresis
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9
Q

What is donation for “shelf blood” called?

A

Homologous or Allogeneic

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10
Q

Special Donor Categories: Autologous | What type of collection is it? What does it indicate?

A

Donation of unit of blood for one’s self; preoperative collection
INDICATIONS: elective surgery, very rare blood type (have ab to high-frequency and red blood cell ag)

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11
Q

Autologous: Benefits

A
  • Peace of mind
  • No transmission of disease
  • No alloimmunization to RBC, WBC, Platelets, etc.
  • Phlebotomy process stimulates erythropoiesis
  • Reduce possibility of a transfusion reaction
  • Compatible blood for person with multiple
    alloantibodies
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12
Q

Autologous: General Requirements

A
  • Need prescription from physician
  • Need review by blood bank medical director
  • Patient must sign consent
  • If patient weighs <110 lbs., may be “LOW VOLUME COLLECTION
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13
Q

Autologous: Donor Criteria

A
  • No age limit
  • No weight limit
  • Hgb/Hct - > 11 g/dL (> 34%)
  • Can donate more frequently (every 3 days)
  • Medical history (usually no reason to defer,
    patient’s physician has already given
    authorization)
  • If pregnant, 2nd trimester
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14
Q

Autologous Processing: What does it specifically test for?

A
  • ABO & Rho(D) testing
  • If it will be transfused outside collection facility:
  • 1st unit must be tested for HBsAg, Anti-HBc, Anti-
    HCV, HCV RNA, Anti-HIV1/2, HIV-1-RNA, STS (30
    days)
  • Any tests reactive - biohazard label
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15
Q

Autologous: Unit Labeling

A
  • Same as for homologous
  • Name/ID of patient
  • No “crossover”
    e. g. “For Autologous Use Only”
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16
Q

What are other types of autologous transfusions?

A
  • Intraoperative collection

- Postoperative blood salvage

17
Q

Directed Donation: Indications, Benefits, General Requirements

A

Indications: elective surgery
Benefits: peace of mind
General requirements: need prescription from PT’s physician

18
Q

Directed Donation: Criteria

A
  • Must be ABO and Rho(D) compatible with
    patient
  • Must meet requirements of homologous donor
    history and physical
19
Q

Directed Donation: Processing

A

Same testing as for homologous blood donation

20
Q

Directed Donation: Labeling

A
  • Same as for homologous

- Special tag identifying donor (#) and recipient

21
Q

Directed Donation: Irradiation

A
  • Required for 1st and 2nd degree relatives
  • Prevents transfusion-associated graft vs host disease (TA-
    GVHD)
  • Kills lymphocytes
  • Reduces expiration to 28 days from date of
    irradiation – not to exceed the original expiration
22
Q

Apheresis: Procedure

A
  • Removal of whole blood (WB) from donor or patient (separate it into components)
  • Keep desired component (target for donation)
  • Return remaining elements back to donor or patient
    • Dependent on different densities of blood constituents
    • Apheresis can be a therapeutic procedure
23
Q

What are the different types of apheresis?

A
  1. Cytapheresis = collection of specific cells
  2. Plateletpheresis = single donor platelet (SDP) or pheresis (donor)
  3. Leukapheresis = granulocytes (donor)
  4. Double red cell collection by apheresis
  5. Plasmapheresis = collection of plasma (patient)
24
Q

Apheresis: Indications

A
  • Desiring specific blood products to treat specific type of patient
    e. g. plateletpheresis, leukapheresis
  • Treat specific type of patient (plasmapheresis)
25
Q

Apheresis: Benefits

A
  • Higher concentration of specific blood component, no need to
    expose recipient to as many donors
  • Treatment of choice for certain patients
26
Q

Apheresis: Donor Criteria

A

Must meet all criteria for homologous donation pre-donation plus:

  • History of previous pheresis donations
  • Bleeding problems?
  • Fluid retention problem?
  • Medical condition susceptible to steroid aggravation?
  • Weight
27
Q

Double Red Cell Apheresis: General Requirements (Male vs. Female)

A
  • Males: 130 lbs., 5’1” tall (min.)
  • Females: 150 lbs., 5’5” tall (min.)
  • Hematocrit > 40%
28
Q

Post Apheresis Donation: Performed on Blood Product | What are the blood cell counts for each type of donation?

A
  • ABO, Rh, antibody screen, infectious disease testing
  • RBC < 5 mL (for apheresed platelet donations)
  • Platelet count (for apheresed platelet donations)
  • WBC count (for leukocyte donation)
  • Every 4 months Serum protein electrophoresis (for frequent
    apheresed plasma donation) - performed on donor
29
Q

Apheresis: Donor Criteria | Medication(s) Blood Cell Counts

A
  • Medications - aspirin-free for 3 days (plateletpheresis)
  • Medications – Plavix/Ticlid – 14 day deferral (plateletpheresis)
  • Platelet count > 150,000 uL (plateletpheresis and leukapheresis)
  • WBC with differential > 4,000 uL (leukapheresis)
  • Serum protein > 6.0 g/dL
30
Q

Deferral Period: Definition

A

Time the donor must wait between donations

31
Q

Deferral Period: What is the length of time?

A
  • Whole Blood Donation = 8 weeks (56 days)
  • Double Red Cell Donation = 16 weeks (112 days)
  • Platelet Donation by Apheresis = at least >2 days
  • Plasma Donation by Apheresis = 4 weeks*

MMSC409 (7 decks)

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