1 - Behaviour management techniques Flashcards
What are the 2 broad categories of behaviour management?
- pharmacological
- non-pharmacological
What are the different pharmacological options for behavioural management?
- LA techniques
- pre-medication
- inhalation sedation
- intravenous sedation
- GA
What drug is used in inhalation sedation?
Nitrous oxide
What drugs are used in intravenous sedation?
- propofol
- midazolam
What is the aim of behaviour management?
To instil a positive attitude towards going to the dentist and engaging in dental treatment
What can be beneficial when talking with 1-3 year olds?
Choice of two
What can be beneficial when talking with 3 year olds?
- praise for adhering to your request
- distractions to capture their attention
What can be beneficial when talking with 4-5 year olds?
- encourage them to take responsibility for sitting in chair
- labelled praise
- direct commands
What can be beneficial when talking with 8-12 year olds?
Discuss the need to engage in independence
What can be beneficial when talking with adolescents?
- be non-judgmental, non-preaching to develop better rapport
- treat as their own person
- discuss non-dental topics
- emphasise self-dental care to maintain smile
What contributes to good communication with patients in paediatric care?
- lower yourself to their level
- use names repeatedly
- avoid dental jargon in younger ages
Define dental anxiety.
Anxiety/fear over an unknown danger
Define dental fear.
Fear of known danger
Define dental phobia.
Fear of known danger, more amplified than dental fear
What are some signs and symptoms of dental fear and anxiety?
- breathlessness, perspiration, palpitations
- interferes with concentration, catastrophising
- avoidance of treatment/appointments, aggression
What are factors that affect child and adolescent dental anxiety?
- PMH
- PDH
- SH factors
- parental anxiety
- parenting style
- parental presence
- child awareness of dental problem
- behaviour of dental staff
- child temperament
How is dental anxiety and fear measured?
- MCDASf
- modified child dental anxiety scale - faces
What is modelling?
- role modelling to demonstrate to child that the dentist isn’t scary
- works well with a sibling of a similar age
- can use dentist, nurse, parent or cuddly toy
How does voice control affect behaviour management?
- young children respond well to tone
- improves compliance
- use a “school teacher voice”
How does tell-show-do work?
- tell, explain the procedure using age appropriate language
- show the demo (can be modelling)
- do, perform the procedure without delay
What is enhanced control?
- allows patient a degree of control over your actions
- rest signals
- “sometimes I won’t be able to stop”
- structured and timed treatment
- “where would you like to start”
- “this or that”
What is an example of positive reinforcement used in dentistry?
- dental passports
- stickers
- verbal praise
What are examples of distraction techniques?
- music
- ceiling projectors
- video glasses
